NTHONY DILELLO, an individual residing in the City of Calgary, in the Province of Alberta (the “Settlor”)
– AND –
PETER MAY SOONG TONG, an individual residing in the Hamlet of De
Winton, in the Province of Alberta, Canada
ENG CHOO GRACE TONG, an individual residing in the Hamlet of De
Winton, in the Province of Alberta, Canada
TIMOTHY YI SIN TONG, an individual residing in the Hamlet of De
Winton, in the Province of Alberta, Canada
CALVIN YI YI TONG, an individual residing in the City of Calgary, in the
Province of Alberta, Canada
(together, the “Original Trustees”).
WHEREAS
to receive and hold the Trust Property on the Settlement Date.
Date.
Trust Property.
AGREEMENT
The Parties agree as follows:
In this Deed, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms have the following
meanings:
1.1 “Act” means the Trustee Act, SA 2022, c T-8.1;
1.2 “Adult” means any individual who has attained the age of majority;
1.3 “Beneficiary” or “Beneficiaries” means the Income Beneficiaries, the Capital
Beneficiaries and the Contingent Beneficiaries as set out in Schedule A, being the person
or persons who are entitled to any benefit hereunder, whether such benefit is contingent
or absolute and whether such benefit is a right to receive Net Income or capital or is an
interest in Net Income or capital of the Trust Property, but does not include an Excluded Person;
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1.4 “Calvin” means “Calvin Yi-Yi Tong”, one of the Original Trustees;
1.5 “Capital Beneficiaries” means the persons named as such in Schedule A;
1.6 “child” or “children” has the meaning set out in Schedule A;
1.7 “Contingent Beneficiaries” means the persons named as such in Schedule A;
1.8 “Deed” means this Deed of trust constituted by the agreement of the Settlor and the
Original Trustees as it relates to the Trust;
1.9 “Divestiture Date” means, in relation to any Beneficiary, the day prior to the date upon
which:
(a) the Beneficiary separates from his or her spouse and there is no reasonable
prospect that they will resume cohabitation, as determined by the Trustees;
(b) the Beneficiary or his or her spouse is granted a decree of divorce;
(c) the Beneficiary’s marriage is declared a nullity;
(d) the Beneficiary or his or her spouse commences an application under the FPA or
any statute similar to it, or commences any proceeding relating to:
(i) support obligations;
(ii) custody or any other matter pertaining to any child of their relationship;
(iii) the ownership or division of property; or
(iv) any other matter in the settlement of their affairs, whether or not such
proceeding is based upon a resulting trust, constructive trust or any other
trust, unjust enrichment, or quantum meruit;
(e) the Beneficiary becomes bankrupt or is deemed by law to have become bankrupt;
(f) the Beneficiary transfers or encumbers his or her income or other interest in the
Trust Property, without the prior written consent of the Trustees (for this purpose,
the Trustees may give or withhold such consent as determined by the Trustees in
their sole discretion);
(g) the Beneficiary has done any act or allowed any act to be done whereby his or her
income or other interest in the Trust Property would become vested in or be
payable to some other person, without the prior written consent of the Trustees
(for this purpose, the Trustees may give or withhold such consent as determined
by the Trustees in their sole discretion);
(h) the Trustees in their discretion determine that the Beneficiary:
(i) uses or consumes any legal or illegal substance so as to be physically or
psychologically dependent upon that substance; or
(ii) is dependent upon the use or consumption of alcohol or any other legal or
illegal drug or chemical substance that is not prescribed to him or her by a
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board-certified medical doctor or psychiatrist in a current program of
treatment supervised by such doctor or psychiatrist,
(iii) and as a result, in the Trustees’ sole discretion, the Beneficiary is unable
to care for himself or herself or is unable to manage his or her financial affairs; or
(i) the Beneficiary becomes non-resident of Canada or becomes a citizen or green
card holder of the United States of America;
(j) the Beneficiary is in a conjugal relationship with another person and does not have
a legally valid cohabitation, prenuptial or postnuptial agreement approved in writing by the Trustees;
and for greater certainty, a Beneficiary can experience more than one Divestiture Date,
and a Divestiture Date can occur during a Divestiture Period.
1.10 “Divestiture Period” means, in relation to a particular Divestiture Date of any Beneficiary,
the period of time commencing upon the particular Divestiture Date and continuing until
one or more of the following events occur:
(a) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by any of the events
described in paragraphs 1.9(a) to 1.9(d), all claims of the Beneficiary’s spouse or
former spouse to the Trust Property pursuant to any application or proceeding
have been satisfied, have lapsed, become void, are discontinued, or become unenforceable;
(b) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by the events described
in paragraph 1.9(e), the Beneficiary ceases to be bankrupt;
(c) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by the events described
in paragraph 1.9(f), the transfer or encumbrance of the Beneficiary’s interest in the
Trust Property made without the prior written consent of the Trustees has become
void, satisfied, discharged, or unenforceable, or the Trustees have provided
subsequent written consent to the transfer or encumbrance, such consent to be
given or withheld in their sole discretion;
(d) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by the events described
in paragraph 1.9(g), the act done or allowed to be done by the Beneficiary whereby
such Beneficiary’s interest in the Trust Property would become vested in or be
payable to some other person, without the prior written consent of the Trustees
has become void, satisfied, discharged or unenforceable, or the Trustees have
provided subsequent written consent to the act done or allowed to be done, such
consent to be given or withheld in their sole discretion;
(e) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by the events described
in paragraph 1.9(h), the Trustees in their discretion determine that the Beneficiary
is managing the physical or psychological dependence through a treatment
program approved by the Trustees and reporting to the Trustees regularly on their
progress (the form, content and frequency of such reports to be determined by the
Trustees, in their sole discretion) and they are able to care for themselves and able
to manage their financial affairs;
(f) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by the events described
in paragraph 1.9(i), either (i) the Beneficiary resumes residency in Canada, or (ii)
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the Trustee makes a declaration in writing that the particular Beneficiary is deemed not to be in a Divestiture Period as a result of paragraph 5.12 for a period of time stipulated in the declaration; or
(g) in the case where the particular Divestiture Date is caused by the events described
in paragraph 1.9(j), the Beneficiary enters into legally valid cohabitation, prenuptial
or postnuptial agreement approved in writing by the Trustees.
1.11 “Division Date” means the earliest of:
(a) the date that is one day before the twenty-first anniversary of the Settlement Date
unless the Trustees determine that it would be advisable to defer the distribution
of the Trust Property to a date after the twenty-first anniversary of the Settlement Date;
(b) a date that the Trustees designate in writing as the Division Date; and
(c) the date that is one day before the Perpetuity Date.
1.12 “Excise Tax Act” or any reference to a specific provision thereof means the Excise Tax
Act (Canada), RSC 1985, c E-15, as amended from time to time, or any legislation of the
Parliament of Canada from time to time in force of like or similar effect and legislation of
any territory or province of Canada from time to time in force of like or similar effect;
1.13 “Excluded Person” means:
(a) the Settlor of this Trust;
(b) any person who is, at the particular time, a “designated person” within the meaning
of subsection 74.5(5) of the ITA with respect to the Settlor; and
(c) any other person designated by the Trustees of this Trust to be an Excluded
Person;
1.14 “FPA” means the Family Property Act, RSA 2000, c F-4.7 or any similar legislation of any
jurisdiction in which the Beneficiaries are residing, as amended from time to time;
1.15 “Grace” means “Eng Choo Grace Tong”, one of the Original Trustees;
1.16 “grandchild” or “grandchildren” has the meaning set out in Schedule A;
1.17 “incapable” or “incapacity” with respect to an individual means a person determined to be
mentally incapable of handling his or her financial affairs by a court, other authority with
the statutory jurisdiction to make such a determination, or by the written opinion of a
physician; or in the event the individual will not consent to visit a physician for the purpose
of assessment, the Trustees, in their discretion, may determine that the individual is incapable;
1.18 “Income Beneficiaries” means the persons named as such in Schedule A;
1.19 “ITA” or any reference to a specific provision thereof means the Income Tax Act (Canada),
RSC 1985, c 1 (5th Supp), as amended from time to time, or any legislation of the
Parliament of Canada from time to time in force of like or similar effect and legislation of
any Province of Canada from time to time in force of like or similar effect; 1.20 “ITR” means the Income Tax Regulations, CRC 1979, c 945, as amended from time to time;
1.21 “Major Matter” means the matters which require unanimous agreement of Trustees to pass
set out in Schedule A;
1.22 “Net Income” in respect of any year, means all income determined for such year, derived
from the Trust Property, including capital dividends, and all amounts included in computing
the income of the Trust as determined for the purposes of the ITA, including, without limiting
the generality of the foregoing any taxable capital gains (within the meaning assigned
under the ITA) earned or realized by or in respect of the Trust Property, deemed dividends
resulting from the redemption or repurchase or shares, or “phantom income” (i.e. income
recognized for income tax purposes without the Trust being in receipt of a corresponding
amount of cash or property), less the aggregate of:
(a) any and all expenses incurred or payable in respect of or to protect the Trust
Property or incurred or payable in connection with the management and
administration of the trusts herein contained, as determined by the Trustees to be
chargeable to income;
(b) such further or other sums in each year as the Trustees in their sole discretion
consider to be proper allowances, reserves, deductions, disbursements and
outgoings in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; and
(c) without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such sum in each year as the
Trustees shall in their absolute discretion consider necessary and advisable from
time to time as being on account of depletion, deterioration or obsolescence of any
of the assets comprising the Trust Property;
1.23 “Perpetuity Date” means the twenty-first anniversary of the death of the last survivor of
the Settlor, Original Trustees and the individual Beneficiaries who are alive on the
Settlement Date;
1.24 “Peter” means “Peter May Soong Tong”, one of the Original Trustees;
1.25 “Routine Matter” means the matters which require a simple majority of Trustees to pass
set out in Schedule A;
1.26 “Settlement Date” means the effective date of this Deed and is a day on or after which the
Settlement Property has been transferred and delivered by the Settlor to the Original
Trustees to settle the Trust and which is more particularly described in Schedule A;
1.27 “Settlement Property” means the property which has been transferred and delivered by
the Settlor to the Trustees to settle the Trust and which is more particularly described in
Schedule A;
1.28 “spouse” has the meaning set out in Schedule A;
1.29 “Temporary Trustee” means a Trustee appointed pursuant to Section 11;
1.30 “Timothy” means “Timothy Yi Sin Tong”, one of the Original Trustees;
1.31 “Trust” means the trust that is the subject of this Deed and for greater certainty includes
the schedules attached hereto;
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1.32 “Trust Property” means:
(a) the Settlement Property;
(b) all property (both moveable and immoveable, corporeal and incorporeal) acquired
or hereafter paid or transferred to or otherwise vested in and accepted by the
Trustees as additions to the Trust Property and includes cash, securities, estates
and any interests therein of any nature whatsoever;
(c) all Net Income which shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Deed be
accumulated by the Trustees and added to the capital of the Trust;
(d) the non-taxable portion of any capital gain realized on the disposition or deemed
disposition of any assets of the Trust Property or any part of it in a taxation year;
and
(e) any property substituted therefor.
1.33 “Trustee” or “Trustees” means:
(a) the Original Trustees named in this Deed at the date of execution until such time
as they cease to be Trustee as set out in Section 10 hereof;
(b) Temporary Trustees named in this Deed until such time as they cease to be a
Trustee as set out in Section 11 hereof; and
(c) such other Trustees appointed as replacement or as additional Trustees of this Trust.
2.1 The recitals and the Schedule to this Deed form part of this Deed, and any reference to
this Deed includes a reference to the recitals and the Schedule.
2.2 In this Deed:
(a) words signifying the singular include the plural and vice versa;
(b) words signifying gender include masculine, feminine and neutral genders;
(c) words signifying persons include individuals, corporations, partnerships,
associations, trusts, unincorporated organizations, governmental bodies and other
legal or business entities of any kind whatsoever;
(d) the titles and subtitles of this Deed are inserted and included for the purposes of
convenience only and shall not be used in the interpretation or construction of this
Deed; and
(e) where a term is defined in this Deed, derivatives of that term have their
corresponding meanings.
2.3 In this Deed, unless otherwise required by the context:
(a) “capital gain” means both the taxable and non-taxable portion of a capital gain,
determined in accordance with the ITA;
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(b) “disposition” has the meaning contemplated by the ITA;
(c) “taxation year” has the meaning contemplated by the ITA.
2.4 This Deed is to be interpreted according to the laws of Canada, provided that nothing in
the laws of Canada may alter the definition of “Net Income” in Paragraph 1.21.
2.5 If the sections of the ITA, the ITR or another statute are renumbered after the execution of
this Deed, a reference in this Deed to a section is to be read as a reference to the
corresponding renumbered section.
2.6 All monetary references in this Deed are to Canadian currency.
2.7 Unless otherwise stated, every discretion or power conferred by this Deed on the Trustees
is an absolute and unfettered discretion or power and the Trustees may make any decision
required by this Deed in any manner that the Trustees, in their absolute discretion, consider
advisable.
2.8 Unless otherwise stated, where this Deed permits the Trustees to make any allocations,
declarations, payments or distributions of income or capital to any one or more of the
Beneficiaries, the Trustees may make such allocations, declarations, payments or
distributions in any proportion among the Beneficiaries, and may completely exclude any
one or more of the Beneficiaries.
2.9 Where the Trustees declare an amount of income payable to the Beneficiaries pursuant to
this Deed, that amount is payable, and the Beneficiaries are entitled to enforce payment of
that amount, on December 31 of the year in which it was declared, unless a contrary
intention is expressed by the Trustees at the time of the declaration.
2.10 The Trustees are expressly directed to hold Trust Property on discretionary allocation
trusts.
3.1 The name of the Trust is the name specified in Schedule A.
3.2 The Parties acknowledge that the Settlor has created the Trust by settling upon the Original
Trustees the Settlement Property, which is to be held by the Trustees on the terms and
conditions set out in this Deed.
3.3 The Trustees must hold the Settlement Property or property substituted therefor at a secure
location in Canada.
3.4 The Trustees accept the trusts, duties and obligations contained in this Deed and agree to
be bound by this Deed.
3.5 The Settlor may settle upon the Trustees additional property, which will form part of the
Trust Property and which must be held by the Trustees on the terms and conditions set out
in this Deed.
3.6 The Trustees may not accept a contribution of any property by any person other than the
Settlor. A contribution of property does not include a loan of money or other property, or a
transfer of property in exchange for fair market value consideration.
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It is the intention of the Parties that:
4.1 the Trust does not constitute an arrangement under which the Trustees act, or can
reasonably be considered to act, as agents for the Settlor or the Beneficiaries with respect
to any dealing with the Trust Property or any other transaction;
4.2 the Trust be governed by this Deed, with effect as of the date first above written;
4.3 the Trust is to preserve and grow wealth in the Trust for the long-term benefit of all the
Beneficiaries. This intention shall guide the Trustees in their exercise of discretion under
this Deed. The Trust is also intended to provide a means for family governance, for Peter
and Grace to oversee the wealth they have created and for Calvin and Timothy to shepherd
it for their children, while slowly introducing their children as Trustees and owners of the
family legacy; and
4.4 this Trust and its governance structure, including the Trustee Appointment Protocol in
Schedule D, was established in the spirit of encouraging family compromise. It is the goal
that the children and grandchildren of Timothy and Calvin work together to advance each
others’ interests and build a common legacy, going to all lengths to avoid conflict or
contention.
[NTD: consider if a statement of intention around what “fairness” means is
warranted. For example, is fairness treating both branches of the family equally, or
treating each person of a particular generation equal?]
The Trustees must hold the Trust Property in trust and administer it on the following terms with
respect to investments, payments and distributions:
5.1 Subject to the other provisions of this Section, the Trustees are to invest and keep invested
all portions of the Trust Property, after paying any expenses or liabilities of the Trust on a
current basis as they become due.
5.2 The Trustees shall retain in its original form some amount of the Settlement Property
settled upon the Trust.
5.3 Subject to the other provisions of this Section, until the Division Date, the Trustees may
allocate, declare payable, pay or distribute:
(a) All or part of the Net Income as they deem advisable, to or for the benefit of any
one or more of the Income Beneficiaries; and
(b) All or part of the capital of the Trust as they may deem advisable, to or for the
benefit of any one or more of the Capital Beneficiaries.
Any Net Income not declared payable, paid or distributed to or for the benefit of a
Beneficiary, in a taxation year of the Trust, net of any taxes payable by the Trust on that
Net Income, is to be accumulated by the Trustees and added to the capital of the Trust at
the beginning of the subsequent taxation year. In making any such payment of the Net
Income or capital of the Trust, the Trustees may, in their absolute discretion, completely
exclude any one or more of the Beneficiaries. The Trustees are further authorized to make
any payment or distribution of Net Income or capital of the Trust to any Beneficiary in cash,
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in kind, in specie or by the issuance of a promissory note, with or without interest, as the
Trustees in their discretion deem advisable. In the event that a demand promissory note is
issued to any Beneficiary, the Trustees shall be entitled to retain and invest such amount
in the Trust in accordance with the terms hereof.
5.4 Notwithstanding the generality of Paragraph 5.3 above, the Trustees may encroach upon
the Trust Property to such an extent that the Trust Property is completely exhausted.
5.5 In considering any allocation, payment, or distribution of income or capital to any
Beneficiary, the Trustees are directed to consider payments and distributions that such
Beneficiary has received or will receive from any other trusts in which the Beneficiary is a
beneficiary before making any such allocation, payment or distribution from this Trust. The
Trustees are entitled to request of any Beneficiary information as to allocations, payments,
or distributions that such Beneficiary has received or expects to receive from any other
trusts and such Beneficiary shall provide such information to the Trustees to aid the
Trustees in their discretion under this Trust. Failure to provide the information may form
the basis of a decision by the Trustee not to make a distribution under this Trust.
5.6 Subject to the other provisions of this Section and Section 6, on the Division Date the
Trustees must distribute the whole of the Trust Property then remaining, less any debts
and other liabilities properly chargeable to the Trust Property, as follows
(a) first, in satisfaction of amounts made payable to Beneficiaries and not yet paid;
(b) second, the Net Income (if any) of the Trust for the taxation year that includes the
Division Date, to or for the benefit of one or more of the Income Beneficiaries in
such proportions as the Trustees in their absolute discretion determine, including
to the complete exclusion of any one or more of the Income Beneficiaries, if there
is at that time more than one Income Beneficiary;
(c) third, the capital of the Trust to or for the benefit of any one or more of the Capital
Beneficiaries, in such proportions as the Trustees in their absolute discretion
determine, including to the complete exclusion of any one or more of the Capital
Beneficiaries, if there is at that time more than one Capital Beneficiary.
5.7 Subject to the other provisions of this Section, if the Trustee fails to make such a
determination for division of the Trust Property on the Division Date, the Trust Property
then remaining, less any debts and other liabilities properly chargeable to the Trust
Property, will be distributed on the Division Date to the Capital Beneficiaries and Contingent
Beneficiary, as follows:
(a) first, in satisfaction of amounts made payable to Beneficiaries and not yet paid;
(b) second, equally among the children who are Beneficiaries and who are alive at the
Division Date. If any of the children were Beneficiaries but are deceased on the
Division Date and has left one or more surviving children, such deceased person’s
share shall be transferred equally to such deceased person’s children who are
Beneficiaries at the Division Date;
(c) third, if one or more of the children who are Beneficiaries is deceased on the
Division Date and leaves no children surviving, the share of such deceased person
shall be transferred to the survivors of the children who are Beneficiaries; and
(d) fourth, for certainty, if before the Division Date, all the children and grandchildren
who are Beneficiaries have died, then on the Division Date the Trust Property shall
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be divided among one or more Contingent Beneficiaries, as determined by the
Trustees.
5.8 If legal title to any part of the Trust Property remaining on the Division Date is not
transferred to the applicable Beneficiary on the Division Date, then from the Division Date
until the time at which legal title to that part of the Trust Property is transferred to the
applicable Beneficiary:
(a) the Trustees hold that part of the Trust Property as agents and bare trustees (and
not in their capacity as Trustees) for, and on behalf of, the applicable Beneficiary;
(b) any revenue from that part of the Trust Property accruing after the Division Date
and collected by the Trustees will belong to, and must be paid to, the applicable
Beneficiary; and
(c) any expenses in respect of that part of the Trust Property incurred by the Trustees
after the Division Date will be for the account of, and must be reimbursed by, the
applicable Beneficiary and, to the extent that such expenses are not reimbursed,
the Trustees are entitled to set off such expenses against income payable to that
Beneficiary pursuant to Paragraph 5.8(b) and retain property equal to the amount
of such expenses from that part of the Trust Property as payment for those
expenses.
5.9 Subject to the provisions of this Section, the Trustees’ discretion as to the allocation,
declaration as payable, payment, or distribution of income or capital to or for the benefit of
any of the Beneficiaries is absolute and unfettered and all exercises of the discretion are
binding upon all the Beneficiaries and may not be subject to question or review by any
person, official, authority, court or tribunal even though the effect is to confer a
disproportionate advantage on any one or more of the Beneficiaries, or could otherwise be
considered, but for the foregoing, as not being an impartial exercise by the Trustees of their
discretion or duties under this Deed or as not maintaining an even hand among the
Beneficiaries.
5.10 No income or capital of the Trust may be allocated, declared payable, paid or distributed,
or otherwise made available, to or for the benefit of a Beneficiary, in his or her capacity as
a beneficiary of the Trust, while the Beneficiary is an undischarged bankrupt or while the
Beneficiary is involved in separation, divorce or other matrimonial proceedings or otherwise
in a Divestiture Period.
5.11 The Trustees may, but only after taking into consideration the tax implications, allocate,
declare payable, pay, distribute or otherwise make available any income of the Trust to or
for the benefit of a Beneficiary while the Beneficiary is under the age of majority.
5.12 The Trustees may, but only after taking into consideration the tax implications, allocate,
declare payable, pay, distribute or otherwise make available any income or capital of the
Trust to or for the benefit of a Beneficiary while the Beneficiary is a non-resident of Canada
for the purposes of the ITA, while complying with paragraph 1.10(f), if required.
5.13 Until such time (if any) as an amount of income or capital is allocated or declared payable
by the Trustees to or for the benefit of a Beneficiary, the interests of that Beneficiary in the
Trust Property or any income derived from the Trust Property is merely contingent and not
vested or subject to divestment. As such, no Beneficiary has any right or power to
anticipate, pledge, assign, sell, transfer, alienate or encumber his or her interests in the
Trust Property or any income derived from the Trust Property in any way, nor is any such
interest in any manner liable for or subject to the debts, liabilities or obligations of any
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Beneficiary or claims of any sort against a Beneficiary. No Trustee shall participate in any
attempt by a Beneficiary to deal with his or her interest in any manner that is precluded by
this provision.
5.14 The Settlor may not at any time or in any circumstance become a Beneficiary under this
Deed.
5.15 Peter or Grace may prepare a letter of wishes to provide guidance to the Trustees
regarding such suggestions as, without limitation, the payments to be made from the
income and capital of the Trust to the Beneficiaries, the distribution of the Trust Property,
and/or the intention for the future of the Trust, and such letter of wishes shall guide the
Trustees in their management and administration of the Trust. The Trustees may consider
the wishes of Peter and Grace but shall not be bound by them.
6.1 During any period of time that one or more Divestiture Periods are in effect, in respect of a
particular Beneficiary:
(a) the Trustees shall not distribute, allocate or apply any of the Net Income to the
particular Beneficiary;
(b) the Trustees shall not distribute, allocate or apply any of the capital of the Trust to
the particular Beneficiary; and
(c) any right of the particular Beneficiary to receive any income or capital of the Trust
Property as a result of any discretion exercised by the Trustees shall be
enforceable only until the earliest Divestiture Date. So long as one or more
Divestiture Periods continues, the right of the said Beneficiary to receive income
or capital and all claims of the said Beneficiary shall cease and the income or
capital of the claims shall no longer be payable to or belong to the said Beneficiary
until all Divestiture Periods have terminated. Upon the expiration of a Divestiture
Period, the right of the said Beneficiary to receive income or capital and the claims
shall revive and the income or capital may again be payable to the said Beneficiary
subject to the discretion of the Trustee unless the Divestiture Date shall reoccur
whereupon the right of the said Beneficiary to receive income or capital and the
claims shall again cease during the Divestiture Period and so on from time to time.
6.2 Notwithstanding the above, the Trustees may in their absolute discretion in relation to a
Beneficiary in a Divestiture Period as a result of the provisions of Paragraphs 1.9(h):
(a) distribute such part of the income or capital as they shall deem advisable for the
benefit, support, maintenance, advancement or education of the said Beneficiary
but only for such Beneficiary personally;
(b) pay income or capital or any part thereof to any other Beneficiary hereunder for
such purpose and on such terms and conditions as they may think proper to
prescribe; or
(c) retain and dispose of such income or capital partly in one manner as aforesaid and
partly in another or others.
6.3 On the day prior to the Division Date, the Trustees have the discretion to declare any or all
Divestiture Periods in respect of any Beneficiaries terminated. Notwithstanding section
8.14, if a Trustee is a Beneficiary who is in one or more Divestiture Periods, such Trustee
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will be subject to a conflict of interest and thus may not participate in the decision to
terminate any Divestiture Periods in respect of themselves.
7.1 Subject to any limitations imposed by law, the Trustees have, without other or further
authorization and free from any power or control on the part of the Beneficiaries, the
exclusive and absolute power, control and authority over the Trust Property and the
administration of the Trust to the same extent as if the Trustees were the absolute owners
of the Trust Property in their own right including, without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the specific powers (as to which their judgment shall be final and conclusive
upon all interested parties, such that no person dealing with them shall need to inquire into
the propriety of their action) enumerated in Schedule B of this Deed.
8.1 In the administration of the Trust, the Trustees must act in good faith and in accordance
with the terms of the Deed, the best interests of the Beneficiaries and the Act. In the
performance of a duty or the exercise of a power, whether the duty or power arises by
operation of law or the Deed, the Trustees must exercise the care, diligence and skill that
a person of ordinary prudence would exercise in dealing with the property of another
person. However, if, because of a Trustee’s profession, occupation or business, a Trustee
other than an Original Trustee possesses or ought to possess a particular degree of skill
that is relevant to the administration of the Trust and is greater than that which a person of
ordinary prudence would exercise in dealing with the property of another person, the
Trustee must exercise that greater degree of skill in the administration of the Trust. For
greater certainty, an Original Trustee must exercise the care, diligence and skill that a
person of ordinary prudence would exercise in dealing with the property of another person
in the performance of a duty or the exercise of a power.
8.2 In accordance with the Act, the Trustees shall not be bound in any case to act personally
but shall be at full liberty to act through managers or to engage any contractor, manager,
solicitor, accountant, lawyer or other professional, investment manager or
advisor/counsellor, clerk, employee, or any agent to transact all or any business of
whatever nature which they are required or permitted to do including the receipt and
payment of money and the Trustees shall decide the remuneration to be allowed and paid
and all charges and expenses so incurred will be paid by the Trust out of the Trust Property,
Net Income or commercial rate loans, as determined by the Trustees in their sole
discretion, such charges and expenses to be separate and apart from the compensation
to which the Trustees are otherwise entitled.
8.3 The Trustees shall provide for the safekeeping of all documents of title and securities which
form the subject of this Trust, and may, at the expense of the Trust (which expense may
include any charges for the safe custody of securities and the collection and remittance of
income) deposit the same in the custody of any bank, banking company, corporate trustee,
stockbroker or other organization in any part of the world that undertakes the safe custody
of securities as part of its business, but so that the Trustees shall not be in any way
responsible for any loss or damage of any kind whatsoever arising out of or occasioned by
such deposit.
8.4 The Trustees shall keep or cause to be kept proper and accurate records and books of
account reflecting truly and accurately their administration of the Trust Property. The
Trustees may have the accounts audited at the expense of the Trust Property or the Net
Income thereof as the Trustees may determine by a firm of chartered professional
accountants selected by the Trustees. The Trustees shall have no obligation to inform any
Beneficiary of his or her interest in the Trust save upon enquiry by the Beneficiary. The
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Trustees shall have no obligation to volunteer their accounts or any other information to
the Beneficiaries. Under no circumstances shall the Trustees be compelled to disclose any
document or information pertaining to their reasons for exercising or declining to exercise
any discretion or power under the Trust. The Trustees may decline to disclose accounts or
other documents or information to which a Beneficiary may otherwise be entitled if it
appears to the Trustees that the Beneficiary or the Beneficiaries as a whole, as the case
may be, would not be best served by disclosure.
8.5 Any Trustees and any officer or employee of a corporate trustee may act as an officer,
manager or employee of any company, the shares or debentures of which may constitute
or form part of the Trust Property, or as an officer, manager, or employee of any subsidiary
or holding company of any such company, and may retain for themselves any remuneration
which he or she may receive as such officer, manager or employee, notwithstanding that
any votes or other rights attaching to such shares or debentures may have been
instrumental in obtaining or maintaining such position, without needing to seek out more
qualified individuals for such positions.
8.6 The Trustees must exercise the powers and perform the duties of the office of trustee solely
in the interests of the Beneficiaries. Except as outlined below, the Trustees must not
knowingly permit a situation to arise in which the Trustees’ personal interests conflict in
any way with the Trustees’ exercise of the powers or performance of the duties of the office
of Trustees or in which the Trustees may derive any personal benefit or a benefit for any
other person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Trustees may transact business on behalf
of this Trust or any Beneficiary with any corporation or partnership in which any of the
Trustees is an officeholder or shareholder or partner or is otherwise financially interested
or with any person or firm holding shares or being otherwise financially interested in the
Trust without being liable to account for any profit accruing to the Trustees as such
officeholder, shareholder or partner as a result of such business, and any of the Trustees
may hold office in any corporation, shares or securities which comprise or form part of the
Trust Property, and shall not be liable to account to this Trust for any salary, fee or profit
received by them as such an officeholder.
8.7 The Trustees shall not be required to interfere in the management of any corporation or
subsidiary which the Trustees (or any one or more of them) directly or indirectly control.
The Trustees may leave the management (including the payment of dividends) wholly to
the directors of such corporation so long as they have no notice of any active dishonesty
or misappropriation of monies on the part of such directors. No beneficiary shall be entitled
to require the distribution of dividends by any corporation the shares of which form part of
the Trust Property or to require the Trustees to exercise any powers they may have to
compel such distribution, even if the Trustees are all directors of such corporation.
8.8 Any Trustees being a bank, chartered professional accountant, lawyer or other person or
corporation engaged in any profession or business shall be entitled to charge and be paid
reasonable professional or other charges for services done by them or their firm or it, in
relation to the Trust, including a fee for acting as Trustees.
8.9 All property from time to time constituting the Trust Property shall be held by and registered
in the name of the Trust or in one or more of the Trustees or in the name of their nominee
or nominees or otherwise as the Trustees may deem expedient.
8.10 The Trustees are not required to provide a bond or other security for the due and faithful
administration of the Trust Property or for the discharge of the trusts declared in this Deed.
8.11 The Trustees may, by power of attorney, appoint an attorney to exercise specified powers
or perform specified duties of the Trustees for a specified period of time, when the Trustees
are unable to exercise the specified powers or perform the specified duties and where the
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employment of an agent or appointment of a Temporary Trustee is impractical, in
accordance with the Act.
8.12 Where there is more than one Trustee, the Trustees may divide the duties of their offices
among themselves as they may deem advisable.
8.13 Any decision or determination of the Trustees may be made by a resolution of the Trustees,
regardless of whether that resolution is passed at a meeting of the Trustees or is set out in
writing.
8.14 If any difference of opinion arises at a meeting of the Trustees in respect of any decision,
or act, or in the execution of the trusts declared in this Deed:
(a) A Routine Matter is to be decided by a simple majority of the Trustees;
(b) A Major Matter is to be decided by unanimous agreement of the Trustees;
(c) Any deadlock of the Trustees on a matter that requires resolution, but cannot reach
the requisite threshold above under paragraph (a) and (b) for any option, shall be
resolved pursuant to the dispute resolution provisions in section 17; and
(d) There shall be deemed to be no conflict of interest notwithstanding any one or
more of the Trustees in the majority may be personally interested in the matter in
dispute or in question.
8.15 Any Trustee and any other person entitled to attend a meeting of the Trustees may
participate in an electronic meeting of the Trustees by means of telephone or
videoconference that permits all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other
and a Trustee or other person participating in a meeting by those means is deemed to be
present in person at the meeting.
8.16 A resolution in writing signed by or on behalf of all the Trustees, without meeting together,
whether embodied in the form of a resolution or in the form of minutes of a notional meeting
of the Trustees, is as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the
Trustees held as of the date stated in the resolution. A resolution in writing may be signed
in one or more counterparts, all of which together constitute the same resolution. A
facsimile or electronic copy of a signed counterpart is as valid as an originally signed
counterpart. Alternately, a Trustee may confirm his or her assent to a resolution by letter,
fax, email or other transmission to that effect.
8.17 If there are two or more Trustees, any contract, document, cheque or other instrument in
writing requiring execution and delivery by the Trust may be signed and delivered by any
two of the Trustees, provided that the Trustees may, in writing, unanimously authorize any
one of the Trustees to sign and deliver the contract, document, cheque or other instrument.
Any contract, document or other instrument (except a cheque or other negotiable
instrument) requiring signature by two or more of the Trustees may be signed in one or
more counterparts. A facsimile or electronic copy of a signed counterpart is as valid as an
originally signed counterpart.
8.18 The Trustees from time to time may make rules or by-laws governing the procedures for
the convening and conduct of their meetings, the preparation and retention of minutes of
their meetings, the passage of resolutions and the administration of the Trust’s affairs.
8.19 Subject to Section 8.9, legal title to all the Trust Property is to be vested in the Trustees
and their successors until disbursement or distribution.
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8.20 Subject to the other provisions of this Deed:
(a) while the Trustees may consider any recommendations, requests or instructions
provided to them, the Trustees are not required to follow any of those
recommendations, requests or instructions; and
(b) all final decision-making power and functions rests with the Trustees, and not with
the Settlor, any protector appointed by the Settlor, the Beneficiaries, or any other
person.
9.1 No Trustee may be held liable for any loss or damage arising as a result of his or her
concurring, or refusing or failing to concur, in any exercise of any discretion or power
conferred by this Deed on the Trustees.
9.2 The Trustees are not responsible to account for any money or other property, except to the
extent that such money or other property has actually been received by the Trustees or by
any of them on behalf of the Trustees. The Trustees are not responsible for any error in
judgment or for any act of omission or commission not amounting to actual fraud, willful
misconduct or willful breach of the trusts declared in this Deed, in the management,
investment or administration of the Trust Property. The Trustees are not personally liable
for any money that may become due as a result of any claim against the Trust Property or
as a result of any investment made by the Trustees under this Deed. The Trustees have
the power to bind the Trust Property without rendering themselves personally liable.
9.3 The Trustees are not responsible for any loss or damage arising by reason of:
(a) an improper investment made in good faith; or
(b) the negligence or fraud of any agent retained, in good faith, by the Trustees.
In the event that liability for loss or damage is imposed in respect of Paragraph (a) in this
Subsection, the overall performance of the investments must be taken into account, and
the Trustees are entitled to be indemnified out of the Trust for the loss resulting to the
Trustees from such liability.
9.4 The Trustees are not responsible for the form, authenticity, validity, sufficiency or effect of
any life insurance policy at any time included in the Trust Property, for the act of any person
which may render any such policy null and void, for the failure of the insurance company
or issuing body to make payment under such policy when due and payable or for any delay
occasioned by reason of any restriction or provision contained in any such policy, or if for
any reason (other than the failure to pay premiums as provided for in this Deed) any policy
lapses or otherwise becomes uncollectible. The Trustees are liable for the payment of
premiums only to the extent of the assets comprising the Trust Property available from time
to time for the payment of premiums.
9.5 The Trustees may rely and act upon any affidavit, certificate, letter, notice, or other paper
or document or upon any telephone conversation, or any other oral or written evidence
believed by them to be sufficient, which they believe to be genuine, and shall not have
liability for any payments or distributions made in good faith pursuant to such reliance and
without actual notice or knowledge of any changed condition or status of person receiving
payments or other distributions upon a condition.
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9.6 The Trustees shall have a first and paramount lien charged on all of the Trust Property
(subject only to any specific charge or security from time to time given by them in carrying
out this Trust) as security for the payment of all sums and monies that the Trust is charged
with paying to them pursuant to the indemnities and protection of their personal assets as
provided in this Deed. Such lien shall extend to cover and include the capital of the Trust,
the income therefrom, and the future income of the Trust.
9.7 For the purpose of enforcing such lien as set out in Subsection 9.6, and in the event that
the cash, or income or capital of the Trust in the hands of the Trustees is at any time
insufficient for the payment of monies properly due to the Trustees as provided in this
Deed, or as provided by law, then the Trustees shall be entitled to sell all or such portion
of the Trust Property as may be necessary to pay and discharge the monies so payable,
and to use the proceeds of any such sale for such purposes.
9.8 Nothing contained in this Deed shall be construed as requiring the Trustees to enter into
any personal obligation or liability in dealing with the Trust Property, or to make themselves
liable for any damages, costs, expenses, liens, fines or penalties which may accrue or be
incurred with respect to the Trust Property, or to do anything in connection with the
management or control thereof, or the payment of any taxes or insurance, except to the
extent of the money in their hands by way of income from or capital of the Trust Property
or on payment to them of all monies necessary to perform the said acts.
9.9 The Trustees shall not be personally liable upon any monies to become due or by any
claims against the Trust or upon any investment executed by the Trustees under the
provisions hereof, but the Trustees shall have the power to bind the Trust Property without
rendering themselves personally liable. The legal title to all Trust Property shall be and
remain vested in the Trustees and their successors until the termination of the Trust as
provided by this Deed.
9.10 No Trustees shall be liable for any breach of trust occasioned by any co-Trustees except
to the extent a Trustee had actual knowledge of a co-Trustee’s breach of trust and did not
act to prevent or correct a loss to the Trust Property.
9.11 The provisions of this Deed shall not be construed as imposing an obligation on the
Trustees to make the Trust Property productive or to increase the Trust Property, provided
that the Trustees comply otherwise with the provisions hereof and that they act with
prudence and diligence in the best interests of the Trust and the Beneficiaries.
9.12 The Trustees (including any former Trustees) are to be indemnified from the Trust Property
for any liability, claim, suit, damages, costs, loss, duty, tax, or imposition arising in
connection with the Trust Property, including legal fees on a full indemnity solicitor and his
or her own client basis, to defend any claims, and such legal fees shall be paid by the Trust
on a full indemnity solicitor and own client basis, unless the Trustees have been found by
a court to have committed an act of fraud, willful misconduct or willful breach of the trusts
declared in this Deed.
10.1 There shall at all times be a minimum of one (1) Trustee and a maximum of (4) Trustees.
10.2 No person, other than an Original Trustee, shall be appointed to hold office as Trustee if:
(a) Non-Resident. That person is not a resident of Canada, unless the Trustees
determine that it is in the best interests of the Trust to appoint a non-resident;
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(b) Convicted of Certain Offences. That person is a corporation or an individual that
has been convicted of an offence involving dishonest conduct under an act of
Canada or any province or territory of Canada or a corporation controlled by an
individual that has been convicted of an offence involving dishonest conduct under
an act of Canada or any province or territory of Canada; or
(c) Bankruptcy. That person is a corporation or an individual that is an undischarged
bankrupt or a corporation controlled by an individual that is an undischarged
bankrupt.
10.3 Disqualified Trustees. A Trustee hereunder shall be disqualified from being a Trustee if:
(a) they cease to be a resident of Canada, unless the Trustees determine that it is in
the best interests of the Trust to appoint a non-resident;
(b) being an individual, the Trustee dies or is found to be incapable;
(c) being an individual, other than an Original Trustee, upon being convicted of an
offence involving dishonest conduct under an act of Canada or any province or
territory of Canada, or upon becoming subject to any proceedings under any
bankruptcy or insolvency laws applicable to them, or upon becoming an
undischarged bankrupt;
(d) being a corporation, other than an Original Trustee, upon being convicted of an
offence involving dishonest conduct under an act of Canada or any province or
territory of Canada, or upon being controlled by an individual who is convicted of
an offence involving dishonest conduct under an act of Canada or any province or
territory of Canada, or upon becoming subject to any proceedings under any
bankruptcy or insolvency laws applicable to it, or upon becoming an undischarged
bankrupt; or
(e) being a corporation, the Trustee enters into liquidation or dissolution whether
compulsory or voluntary, excluding merely a voluntary liquidation for the purposes
of amalgamation or reorganization.
10.4 A Trustee may cease to be a Trustee upon the following terms:
(a) a Trustee has become disqualified under Section 10.3, and the remaining Trustee
makes a declaration in writing to remove them as a Trustee.
(b) pursuant to section 21 of the Act.
(c) by submitting a written request to be removed as Trustee to the remaining Trustee.
Within 30 days of receiving the request to be removed, the Person Entitled to
Appoint Trustees shall, by instrument in writing, appoint any person as a trustee to
fill the vacancies occurring in the office of Trustee hereunder, should they, in their
sole discretion, deem it advisable to do so.
(d) pursuant to section 19 of the Act, should their submission in writing pursuant to
Paragraph (c) be denied.
10.5 Upon ceasing to be a Trustee, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive reimbursement out
of the Trust Property or the Net Income thereof for all expenses incurred by them in
connection with the settlement of their accounts as Trustees.
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10.6 While Peter or Grace are alive, the discretionary powers afforded to the Trustees in
sections 10.7 and 10.8 shall be unrestricted. When both Peter and Grace are unwilling or
unable to act, whether due to death, resignation, incapacity, ineligibility under this Deed or
any other reason, the remaining Trustees must exercise their discretion to give effect to
the mandatory Trustee Appointment Protocol in Schedule D.
10.7 A Trustee may be replaced or appointed upon the following terms:
(a) Filling Vacancies in the Office of Trustee. The Trustees shall, by instrument in
writing, appoint any person as a trustee to fill the vacancies occurring in the office
of Trustee hereunder, should they, in their sole discretion, deem it advisable to do
so, and shall be entitled by instrument in writing to substitute a new Trustee for any
Trustee in office at any time.
(b) Absent or Incapacitated Trustees. Where a Trustee is temporarily unable to
participate in the administration of the Trust by reason of an absence or incapacity
that does not result in the Trustee becoming disqualified under Section 10.3, the
Trustee will cease to have any ability to exercise trustee powers or perform trustee
duties until the later of the time at which (i) such absence or incapacity ends and
(ii) any appointment of a Temporary Trustee pursuant to Section 11 hereof in
relation to their absence or incapacity comes to an end.
(c) Notice of Change in Trusteeship. Notices of all changes in trusteeship may be
endorsed or attached to this Deed, signed by the continuing Trustees, and the new
Trustees, and every such notice shall be sufficient evidence to any person having
dealings with this Trust as to the fact to which it relates.
(d) Reliance on Notices Endorsed. Any person dealing with this Trust may rely upon
a copy of this Deed and on any notices endorsed thereon or attached thereto,
certified by the Trustees or Trustees’ lawyer to the same extent as they might rely
on the original.
(e) Reasonable Security. Upon the resignation or removal of any Trustee, the
Trustee shall be entitled to reasonable security having been provided for
indemnifying such Trustee against liabilities whether existing future contingent or
otherwise for which the outgoing Trustee may be answerable as a trustee or former
trustee of this trust (including without limiting liabilities to taxation).
10.8 Subject to section 10.6 and Schedule D hereof, the Trustees may in their discretion at any
time and from time to time appoint, fix, reduce or increase the number of trustees to act as
Trustees of the Trust.
10.9 The Settlor may not serve as one of the Trustees of the Trust.
10.10 An outgoing Trustee shall execute and do all such transfers or other acts or things as may
be necessary to vest the Trust Property in the new or continuing Trustee(s) and the new
or continuing Trustee(s) shall sign a memorandum as to the trusteeship in accordance with
the provisions in that behalf hereinbefore contained provided that an outgoing Trustee who
is liable as a Trustee hereof or may on the death of any person become liable as a former
Trustee hereof for any probate succession estate or other duties, fees or taxes shall not be
bound to transfer the Trust Property as aforesaid unless reasonable security is provided
for indemnifying such outgoing Trustee against such liability.
10.11 Every person so appointed as a Trustee hereunder shall, before as well as after the Trust
Property becomes by law or by assurance or otherwise vested in him or her, have the same
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powers, authorities and discretions, and may in all respects act as if he or she had been
an Original Trustee under this Deed, provided such person gives written consent to act as
a Trustee.
11.1 Where a Trustee is temporarily unable to participate in the administration of the Trust by
reason of an absence or incapacity (that does not result in the trustee ceasing to be
qualified to hold office under Paragraph 10.3 of this Deed) a Temporary Trustee may be
appointed upon the following terms
(a) Appointment. The remaining Trustees may, at their sole discretion, determine if
it is appropriate to appoint a Temporary Trustee, during the period that the trustee
is absent or incapacitated, to: (i) administer all or part of the trust or (ii) exercise
the powers or perform the duties authorized by the Person Entitled to Appoint
Trustees.
(b) Revocation. Despite the period specified in an appointment under Paragraph (a),
the remaining Trustees may revoke the appointment before the end of that period
for any reason and at any time.
(c) Notice. When a Temporary Trustee is appointed or the appointment of a
temporary trustee is revoked, a written notice must be delivered by the remaining
Trustees to all trustees and the absent or incapacitated trustee within 30 days of
the appointment or revocation:
(d) Form of Notice. The Notice under Paragraph (c) must include the following
information:
iii. Contact information for the temporary trustee, a mailing address, an
electronic mailing address, and a telephone number;
taken effect; and
12.1 It is the intention of the Parties that:
(a) the central management and control of the Trust is to actually take place, and be
located, in Canada;
(b) for greater certainty, the administration, management and control of the Trust and
the ownership and control of the Trust Property is to be sited, performed and
carried out in Canada, and nowhere else; and
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(c) the Trust is to be resident for all purposes only in Canada, and not in any other
country.
12.2 Subject to Subsection 12.11, if at any time the majority of the Trustees cease to be resident
in Canada, then, at such time that the latest Trustee who ceased to be resident in Canada
became a non-resident, the Trustees must cease acting and may not exercise any of their
powers under this Deed other than their powers under this Subsection. At such time the
Person Entitled to Appoint Trustees may appoint a new Trustee or Trustees who is or are
a Canadian resident(s) pursuant to the terms of Section 10 such that the majority of
Trustees will be Canadian residents.
12.3 All meetings of the Trustees must be held in Canada and all decisions relating to the Trust
Property and the administration, management and control of the Trust must be made in
Canada.
12.4 No person who resides outside Canada has any power to veto or overturn the decisions or
actions of the Trustees.
12.5 The Trust’s accounting advisors who are responsible for the preparation of the Trust’s
financial statements and tax returns and the Trust’s legal advisors who are responsible for
the establishment and maintenance of the Trust must be located in Canada.
12.6 The books, records and mailing address of the Trust must be located in Canada. The
Trustees must ensure that all significant correspondence mailed on behalf of the Trust
(including its tax returns) is postmarked at a post office in Canada and shows an address
in Canada as the return address.
12.7 The bank accounts and investment accounts of the Trust must be established with a
financial institution located in Canada.
12.8 The Trust Property (including the Settlement Property) or, where applicable, any security
certificates or other indicia of title to the Trust Property, must be held by the Trustees in a
secure means of storage located in Canada.
12.9 The Trust is governed by the laws of Alberta and the federal laws of Canada applicable in
Alberta. The Parties attorn to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of Alberta.
12.10 The Trustees may not do anything that may result in the Trust being resident in a
jurisdiction other than Canada (except as contemplated by Subsection 12.11).
12.11 If the Trustees, after consultation with appropriate tax, accounting and legal advisors,
subsequently determine that it would be in the best interests of the Trust and the
Beneficiaries to change the residence of the Trust or to change the situs of any part of the
Trust Property, the Trustees may:
(a) move, transfer, convey or resettle some or all of the Trust Property to or upon a
trustee or trustees in another jurisdiction, pursuant to the powers set out in this
Deed;
(b) recommend that this Deed be amended or varied in accordance with Subsection
15.1, and upon this Deed being so amended or varied, the Trustees are to take
such further steps as may be advisable or required to change the residence of the
Trust or the situs of such part of the Trust Property;
(c) amend this Deed to change the laws applicable to the Trust and/or the forum and
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attornment thereunder, including the definition of the Act;
(d) delegate control of any or all of their duties to other Trustees or agents in another
jurisdiction in such manner necessary to change the residence of the Trust or the
situs of any part of the Trust Property; or
(e) designate one or more individuals, banks or trust companies in another jurisdiction
to act as additional or successor Trustees of the Trust.
13.1 This Section is to assist the Trustees in administering the trusts declared in this Deed and
in complying with the provisions of the ITA. Any reference to an item being taxable refers
to the taxation of that item pursuant to the ITA.
13.2 Without limiting the generality of Section 7 of this Deed, the Trustees may make any
election, designation, determination, allocation or apportionment available under, or
referred to in, any existing or future provision of the ITA, the Excise Tax Act, the ITR or any
other tax legislation as they consider is in the best interests of the Beneficiaries.
13.3 If the Trustees, in a particular taxation year, desire, for the purposes of the ITA, to have
some or all of the Net Income of the Trust for that year included in computing the income
of any or all of the Beneficiaries for that year and not included in computing the Net Income
of the Trust, without paying or distributing such Net Income to such Beneficiary or
Beneficiaries, the Trustees may:
(a) exercise their discretion before the end of that year to allocate and declare such
Net Income to be payable to such Beneficiary or Beneficiaries;
(b) ensure that the exercise of such discretion is irrevocable and is not subject to any
conditions which may impair such Beneficiary’s or Beneficiaries’ entitlement to
enforce payment of the amount in the year;
(c) ensure that their exercise of discretion, including the allocation of that Net Income
and the declaration of that Net Income being payable to such Beneficiary or
Beneficiaries, is recorded in writing;
(d) before the end of the year, notify in writing such Beneficiary or Beneficiaries, or
their parents or legal guardians thereof when the said Beneficiary or Beneficiaries
are minor or incapable, of such allocation and declaration; and
(e) take any other actions that may be required to ensure that such Beneficiary or
Beneficiaries, or the parents or legal guardians thereof when the said Beneficiary
or Beneficiaries are minor or incapable, is or are entitled in the year to enforce
payment of the allocated Net Income.
13.4 In any taxation year that the Trustees realize a capital gain on the disposition or deemed
disposition of any property comprising the Trust Property or any part thereof, they are, as
contemplated by the definition of Net Income in Paragraph 1.21, to include the full amount
of the taxable capital gain in computing the Net Income for the year. For greater certainty:
(a) any taxable portion of a capital gain included in computing the Net Income for a
taxation year may be allocated and declared payable to one or more Beneficiaries
in the manner contemplated by Subsection 13.3; and
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(b) any non-taxable portion of a capital gain shall be added to the capital of the Trust,
to be accumulated by the Trustees and distributed as capital to the Capital
Beneficiaries.
13.5 The Trustees may from time to time determine that some or all of the income of the Trust
for a particular taxation year is to be taxed in the Trust, rather than being allocated to the
Beneficiaries for purposes of the ITA.
13.6 If the Trustees determine that some or all of the income of the Trust for a particular taxation
year is to be taxed in the Trust, such income may be accumulated by the Trustees and
distributed as capital to the Capital Beneficiaries, provided that such distribution occurs
more than three months after the end of that taxation year.
14.1 Any distribution, payment or transfer of property from the Trust to a Beneficiary constitutes
property acquired by that Beneficiary by gift. For greater certainty, any transfer or payment
of property from the Trust shall be deemed a gift for purposes of the FPA or other similar
legislation (in any jurisdiction). It is acknowledged that the paid or transferred property is to
be excluded from the property of the Beneficiary available for distribution by an order under
the FPA or other similar legislation and shall not fall into any community of property or
partnership of acquests which may exist between any such Beneficiary and his or her
spouse and shall not form part of his or her family patrimony for the purposes of the Civil
Code of Quebec or any law relevant to such Beneficiary, or any amendments thereto or
successor legislation, but shall remain the private and separate property of such
Beneficiary and shall not be affected by the matrimonial rights of the spouse of any
Beneficiary. The Trustees may, in their unfettered discretion, attach as a condition of any
distribution of Net Income or capital of the Trust to a Beneficiary a requirement that such
Beneficiary shall have entered into a domestic contract, interspousal agreement or similar
document in such form and with such terms and conditions as the Trustees may deem
appropriate for the protection of such Beneficiary and his or her property.
14.2 Any benefit, whether income or capital, to which any Beneficiary is or may become entitled
pursuant to this Deed is not to fall into any community of property, partnership or other form
of sharing or division of property which may exist between the Beneficiary and his or her
spouse.
14.3 The interest of any Beneficiary under this Deed shall be free from the control or interference
of any creditor of a Beneficiary, any spouse or common law spouse (as defined by
legislation in any relevant jurisdiction) of any Beneficiary or any co-habiting partner of any
Beneficiary and shall not be subject to attachment of any sort. If any court of competent
jurisdiction finds that the assets of the Trust shall be subject to attachment of any sort or
inclusion in any calculation of division of matrimonial property or division of property on
separation, then the capital interest of that Beneficiary shall be fixed at zero.
15.1 This Deed may, subject to Subsections 15.2 through 15.6, be amended or varied by written
agreement between a majority of the Trustees, provided no alteration, amendment or
variation may be made to this Trust which results in a benefit being conferred on the Settlor
or an Excluded Person.
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15.2 The Settlor does not have any power or authority:
(a) to determine, subsequent to the creation of the Trust, the persons to whom the
Trust Property may pass; or
(b) to direct, or to consent to, the disposition of the Trust Property.
15.3 Notwithstanding Subsection 15.1, this Deed may not be amended to revoke or amend
Subsection 15.2.
15.4 The trusts declared in this Deed are at all times irrevocable by the Settlor. Notwithstanding
Subsection 15.1, this Deed may not be amended to revoke the trusts declared under this
Deed.
15.5 No part of the Trust Property may in any event revert to the Settlor. Notwithstanding
Subsection 15.1, no person has any power or authority to amend or vary this Deed so as
to permit any part of the Trust Property to revert to the Settlor.
15.6 Notwithstanding Subsection 15.1, no person has any power or authority to amend or vary
this Deed so as to cause the Settlor to become a Trustee or Beneficiary under this Deed.
15.7 For certainty, an amendment or variation of this Deed made pursuant to this Section does
not require the approval of the Court of King’s Bench of Alberta or any other court.
16.1 The Trustees may adopt any rules and regulations which they may from time to time deem
proper to govern their own procedure.
16.2 If there are two or more Trustees, the Trustees may divide their duties among themselves,
as they may from time to time deem advisable. Any Trustees may with the consent of their
co-Trustees, be relieved of any and all powers, duties and discretions vested in or imposed
upon them by this Deed by delivering to their other co-Trustees an instrument delegating
the same to their co-Trustees. Any act done or decision made pursuant to such delegation
shall be binding upon and not subject to question or challenge by any person whomsoever.
16.3 The Trustees may, by instrument, delegate to any person any and all powers, duties and
discretions vested in or imposed upon the Trustees by this Deed provided that any such
delegation of powers, duties and discretions shall only relate to the management,
administration and operation of the Trust or any asset forming part of the Trust Property.
Any such delegation shall under no circumstances apply or permit the delegation of any
power, duty or discretion vested in the Trustees in relation to the power to appoint or
advance Net Income or capital of the Trust Property to or among any beneficiaries.
16.4 Subject to any division or delegation of their powers, duties and discretions pursuant to the
foregoing provisions, all questions requiring action by the Trustees shall be determined by
a majority of the Trustees for the time being in office. The Trustees may act either by a
resolution passed by a majority of them at a meeting or by an instrument signed by a
majority of them. Any such decisions or act of a majority of the Trustees shall, for all
purposes of this Trust, be deemed the decision or act of all of the Trustees. In the event of
a deadlock among the Trustees, the Trustees shall refer to Article 17 hereof.
16.5 Without limiting the generality of the foregoing and subject to any division or delegation of
their powers, duties and discretions pursuant to the foregoing provisions, every deed or
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instrument signed by a majority of the Trustees for the time being in office shall be as valid,
effectual and binding as if signed by all of them.
16.6 Any Trustees who may be personally interested in the result of any exercise of a discretion
vested in the Trustees may, if they think fit, leave the real exercise of such discretion to the
other Trustees concurring in it merely for conformity. No Trustees shall be liable for any act
or thing done or omitted without their consent by reason of the provisions of this clause or
for any act in which they join for conformity only.
16.7 In accordance with section 49 of the Act, if a Trustee pays an amount under subsection
48(1) of the Act or, under the terms of the Trust, pays an amount from capital for the benefit
of a Beneficiary, the Trustee may impose conditions on the person receiving the payment
or the benefit of the payment, including, without limitation, conditions relating to the
following:
(a) the repayment of the payment to the Trustee (a “Loan”);
(b) the payment of interest on the Loan to the Trustee;
(c) the giving of security for the Loan to the Trustee by the person receiving the
payment;
(d) the provision of documentation accounting for the manner in which the Loan was
used; and
(e) the execution and return of legal documentation by the person receiving the
payment, in form satisfactory to the Trustees, in their sole discretion, evidencing
the advance of the Loan and its conditions.
The Trustee may do any of the following in respect of a condition imposed:
(a) forgiveness of all or part of the Loan (such forgiveness to be treated as a
distribution in kind to the person having received the Loan);
(b) waive all or part of a condition;
(c) release a person from an obligation undertaken; and
(d) release the security given.
17.1 In the event of a dispute regarding any matter involving the Trust or the administration of
the Trust under this Deed which cannot otherwise be resolved under the provisions of this
Deed (a “Dispute”), the Trustees must submit the Dispute to a mediator (the “Mediator”)
to try and resolve the Dispute.
17.2 The parties to the Dispute will select the Mediator. If the parties to the Dispute are unable
to agree on the Mediator, then one of the Trustees may make an application to the Court
of King’s Bench of Alberta for the appointment of the Mediator.
17.3 In the event of a Dispute regarding any matter involving the Trust or the administration of
the Trust under this Deed which cannot otherwise be resolved under the provisions of this
Deed or by the Mediator, the Trustees must submit the Dispute to an arbitrator (the
“Arbitrator”) to resolve the Dispute. The Arbitrator’s decision including who pays all costs,
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including solicitor and own client costs, will be final and binding on the parties to the
Dispute.
17.4 The parties to the Dispute will select the Arbitrator. If the parties to the Dispute are unable
to agree on the Arbitrator, then one of the Trustees may make an application to the Court
of King’s Bench of Alberta for the appointment of the Arbitrator.
17.5 All processes and rules in respect of the Dispute resolution, including all expenses and
costs, including costs on a solicitor and own client basis, will be determined by the Arbitrator
or the Mediator in consultation with the parties to the Dispute, as the case may be.
18.1 Notwithstanding anything else contained herein, a beneficiary that is a qualified beneficiary,
as that term is defined in the Act, shall not have any entitlements or rights described in
paragraphs 12(1)(b), 14(5)(c), 28(5)(a), subsection 28(3) or sections 29, 70 or 72 of the
Act. For greater certainty the only entitlements or rights of a beneficiary that is a qualified
beneficiary, as that term is defined in the Act, are those described in subsections 19(2) and
19(3) of the Act.
18.2 Section 29 of the Act shall not apply to the Trust, any Trustee, or any Beneficiary of the
Trust. Upon written request of any one of the Beneficiaries, or of the guardian of such
Beneficiary, if such Beneficiary is a minor, but not more than once in every three years
while at least one of the Original Trustees is a Trustee hereof, the Trustees shall cause the
accounts of the Trust to be examined and audited by a chartered professional accountant
chosen by the Trustees and shall, for that purpose, produce such vouchers, and give such
information to him or her as he or she may require; and the costs of such examination and
audit and report, including the fee of the auditor, shall be paid by the Beneficiary or
Beneficiary’s guardian, as the case may be, and such account and accounting and
reporting shall be submitted and made to only such Beneficiaries, the guardian of such
Beneficiaries, or their accredited representatives, and not to any Court, Public Trustee or
like official of any Province or State or Country, or any other person, firm or corporation
claiming through such Beneficiaries, and such Beneficiaries as are entitled to such
accounting and reporting, from time to time under this Article shall not be entitled without
the consent of the Trustees, either themselves or through their accredited representatives,
to examine all records and documents of the Trust and books of account upon which such
report and accounting is based. For greater certainty, any reporting of the accounts of the
Trust hereunder shall not include a reporting of the books and records of any corporation
that the Trust has an equity or debt investment in, or partnership, joint venture, trust, fund
or other investment that the Trust owns or has otherwise invested into at the time of such
examination or audit.
18.3 If a Beneficiary is a minor, section 96 of the Act does not apply, and instead any notices to
be given to the Beneficiary must be given to the parent or legal guardian of the Beneficiary.
18.4 Notwithstanding, any rule of law to the contrary, the interests of each of the Beneficiaries
in the Trust Property or any income derived therefrom are to be treated as merely
contingent and not vested, and therefore none of the Beneficiaries shall be deemed
“qualified beneficiaries” by virtue of paragraph 1(l)(i) of the Act.
subsection 74.5(5) of the ITA, in respect of an individual who has loaned or transferred property to
a corporation in which such Beneficiary has a beneficial interest by virtue of being a Beneficiary of
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this Trust, or of any other trust which is or may be a Beneficiary of this Trust, may receive or
otherwise obtain the use of any of the income or capital of the Trust, or of such other trust, while
being such a designated person in respect of such individual and no deduction may be made by
the Trust, or such other trust, in computing its income under subsections 104(6) or (12), or any
successor provision, of the ITA in respect of amounts paid or payable to, or included in the income
of, that person while that person is a designated person in respect of such individual.Severability
20.1 Each Article of the terms of this Trust constitutes a distinct whole so that any decision of a
court to the effect that one of the Articles is void or non-executory does not affect the validity
character of the other Articles.
21.1 This Deed may be signed in several counterparts, no one of which needs to be signed by
all the Parties. A facsimile or electronic copy of a signed counterpart is as valid as an
originally signed counterpart. All counterparts together constitute but one and the same
instrument.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties to this Deed set their hands and seals as of the date first hereinbefore
mentioned.
SIGNED, SEALED AND DELIVERED
in the presence of:
)
)
)
)
Witness ) ANTHONY DILELLO, as Settlor
)
)
Name (please print) )
)
)
SIGNED, SEALED AND DELIVERED
in the presence of:
)
)
)
)
Witness ) PETER MAY SOONG TONG, as Trustee
)
)
Name (please print) )
)
)
SIGNED, SEALED AND DELIVERED
in the presence of:
)
)
)
)
Witness ) ENG CHOO GRACE TONG, as Trustee
)
)
Name (please print) )
)
)
SIGNED, SEALED AND DELIVERED
in the presence of:
)
)
)
)
Witness ) TIMOTHY THEODORE TONG, as Trustee
)
)
Name (please print) )
)
)
SIGNED, SEALED AND DELIVERED
in the presence of:
)
)
)
)
Witness ) CALVIN YI YI TONG, as Trustee
)
)
Name (please print) )
KPMG Law LLP
SCHEDULE A
SETTLOR: Anthony Dilello
ORIGINAL TRUSTEES: Peter
Grace
Timothy
Calvin
______________________________________________________________________________
NAME OF THE TRUST
The name of the Trust is the “Tong (2025) Family Trust”.
______________________________________________________________________________
SETTLEMENT PROPERTY
The Settlement Property is two (2) CAD $20.00 bills, copies of which are attached hereto as Schedule C.
______________________________________________________________________________
SETTLEMENT DATE
The Settlement Date is January 1, 2026. [NTD: To be modified as appropriate.]
______________________________________________________________________________
DECISION MAKING
A Major Matter is:
be a Beneficiary;
exceeding $_________, or the granting of any right, option, or privilege to do so;
A Routine Matter is any matter that is not a Major Matter.
______________________________________________________________________________
BENEFICIARIES
For all purposes of this Deed, a “child” of a person means a natural or adopted child of that person and not
a stepchild of that person. And “children” means all of the persons, each of whom is a child.
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For all purposes of this Deed, a “grandchild” of a person means a natural or adopted child of a child of that
person and not a stepchild of a child of that person. And “grandchildren” means all of the persons, each
of whom is a grandchild.
For all purposes of this Deed, a “spouse” of a person means a married spouse by virtue of a valid marriage
according to the laws of Canada, or the laws in the location in which the marriage took place, or a cohabiting
spouse as such is defined in the jurisdiction in which the couple is living, and failing such legislation,
according to the legislation of Alberta for the determination of an Adult Interdependent Partner. For greater
certainty, people are not spouses of one another if they are living separate and apart by reason of a
breakdown of their relationship.
Income and Capital Beneficiaries
The Income and Capital Beneficiaries are:
(i) any child of Peter and Grace, including Timothy and Calvin, and any further Beneficiary which is
acknowledged in writing as a Beneficiary by the Trustees;
(ii) Bethany Tong;
(iii) Adam Tong;
(iv) Hannah Tong;
(v) Charlotte Tong;
(vi) Josiah Tong;
(vii) Solomon Tong;
(viii) any spouse of Timothy or Calvin, a child or a grandchild of Timothy or Calvin and which is
acknowledged in writing as a Beneficiary by the Trustees;
(ix) any trust, whether settled before, on, or after the Settlement Date, of which a beneficiary is one or
more of the Income and Capital Beneficiaries and which is acknowledged in writing as a
Beneficiary by the Trustees;
(x) any corporation in which a shareholder is one or more of the Income and Capital Beneficiaries and
which is acknowledged in writing as a Beneficiary by the Trustees; and
(xi) one or more qualified donees (as defined in the ITA) selected in writing by the Trustees.
Contingent Beneficiaries
The Contingent Beneficiaries are one or more qualified donees (as defined in the ITA) selected in writing
by the Trustees.
Settlor Not Beneficiary or Trustee
Pursuant to paragraph 1.13(a) and sections 10.9 and 15.2, and for greater certainty, in no circumstance
shall the Settlor be a Beneficiary or a Trustee.
KPMG Law LLP
SCHEDULE B
POWERS AND AUTHORITY OF THE TRUSTEES
The enumeration of any specific power or authority herein shall not be construed as limiting the general
powers conferred upon the Trustees in Section 7 of the Deed of which this is a schedule. The Trustees
shall have the following powers, any or all of which may be exercised or not exercised in the discretion of
the Trustees:
To receive, purchase or otherwise acquire and hold as part of the Trust Property, any property
(including real property, personal property, shares and securities) owned by any person, at a price
and on the terms the Trustees consider desirable or expedient. Such property may be retained for
so long as the Trustees in their discretion may see fit, without being responsible for any loss
occasioned thereby.
Subject to any applicable legislation relating to registration of ownership of trust property, to register
any part of the Trust Property in the name of their nominee, in their own names or in the name of
the Trust, or to hold the same unregistered or in any form whereby title may pass by delivery, but
without thereby increasing or decreasing their liability as Trustees
To terminate the interest of any Beneficiary and may, but shall not be obligated to, distribute any
portion (as determined by the Trustees in their sole discretion) of the Trust Property represented
by, or allocable to, that interest to that Beneficiary, if any. The Trustee shall have the ability to
terminate the interest of any Beneficiary without making any distributions to such Beneficiary
Subject to Subsections 5.3 and 5.6, and Section 6, to wind up and terminate the Trust and to
distribute all of the Trust Property to some or all of the Beneficiaries, in such proportions as the
Trustees determine
The Trustees shall accumulate any amount or amounts of the Net Income not paid or payable to
or for the benefit of any one or more of the Beneficiaries in the year and shall add such amount to
the capital of the Trust on the first day of the immediately following year, and such amount shall
form part of the Trust Property.
(a) Section 50 of the Act shall not apply to this Trust.
(b) The Trustees are authorized to make any payment or distribution, whether of Net Income
or of capital, for any Beneficiary under the age of majority, who is incapable, or who lacks
capacity, to the parent, legal guardian, acting guardian, tutor, curator, mandatory or trustee
of such Beneficiary (other than the Settlor) or to any person to whom the Trustees in their
discretion deem it advisable to make such payment, in kind, in specie or by the issuance
of a demand promissory note, with or without interest, as the Trustees in their discretion
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deem advisable, including by way of a trust settled for the benefit of the Beneficiary, whose
receipt shall be a sufficient discharge to the Trustees.
(c) Payments made directly to a third party to acquire goods or services for any Beneficiary
shall be deemed to be a distribution and allocation of Net Income to that Beneficiary, and
as such, deductible to the Trust for income tax purposes (as if the payment had been made
to the Beneficiary, or his/her guardian, and he or she in turn had made the expenditure).
(d) In the event that a demand promissory note is issued to any Beneficiary, or to the parent,
legal guardian, acting guardian, tutor, curator, mandatory or trustee of any Beneficiary
under the age of majority or with an incapacity, the Trustees shall be entitled to retain and
invest such amount in the Trust in accordance with the terms hereof.
The Trustees may, in their absolute discretion, distribute any amount of the Net Income or capital
of the Trust to a Beneficiary that is also a Trustee of the Trust, and for greater certainty, any such
distribution may be made to the exclusion of any or all other Beneficiaries of the Trust.
Subject to Section 5.3, as the Trustees have been expressly directed to hold the Trust Property on
discretionary allocation trusts, the Trustees have the right to determine whether any payments
made or received by the Trust in the administration of the Trust Property shall be credited to or
charged against the capital of the Trust or the income therefrom or partly to or against the capital
and partly to or against the income, and such determination shall be final and binding upon all
persons concerned provided that in making such determination the Trustees shall have regard to
the definition of Net Income herein.
To invest or reinvest the Trust Property and sell (whether by public or private sale or with or without
notice, for cash or on credit or partly for cash and partly on credit), assign, transfer, exchange,
pledge, convey or otherwise dispose of or encumber the Trust Property or any part thereof at any
time, or from time to time as the Trustees, in their absolute discretion, may deem advisable, and at
such price or prices and on such terms as they may consider advisable, which terms may extend
beyond the duration of the Trust hereby created.
To invest any money forming part of the Trust Property, and when making investments, the
Trustees are not limited to investments authorized by law for trustees but may make any
investments they consider advisable, including but not limited to:
(a) shares of a private corporation, real estate, mortgages, mutual funds, common
trust funds, unit trusts and similar types of investments;
(b) an investment in a corporation controlled by one or more of the Trustees;
(c) an investment in a mutual fund corporation or a mutual fund trust; and
(d) guaranteed investment certificates;
and, in making such investments, the Trustees may:
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(e) delegate their investment management authority and responsibility to one or more
brokers, investment dealers, investment counsel, investment advisors, investment
managers, portfolio managers, financial consultants or other persons to whom
investment authority or responsibility may be delegated pursuant to the Act;
(f) open and operate one or more investment accounts;
(g) close investment accounts;
(h) enter into and conclude all investment transactions and arrangements on behalf of
the Trust; and
(i) do such other acts and sign such documents as may be necessary or advisable to
make or facilitate such investments;
and, for further clarity, the Trustees:
(j) are not required to diversify the investment of such assets;
(k) are not required to maintain a balance between Net Income and growth of capital;
(l) may make investments with terms that extend beyond the duration of the trusts
contained in this Deed.
(m) may retain any property as an investment without regard to the proportion of such
property or similar property so held may bear to the entire amount of the Trust
Property;
(n) may retain securities that may be regarded as speculative; and
(o) are not restricted to any statutory standard such as the prudent investor rule;
In accordance with Part 2, Division 6 of the Act, to appoint a trust company to act as the custodian
of, or to manage the investments comprising, the Trust Property or to act as the agent of the
Trustees in respect of the management or administration of the Trust Property.
The Trustees may purchase annuities for one or more Beneficiaries and to select such type of
annuity and mode of payment therefor as they may deem advisable.
The Trustees may enter into hedging arrangements to protect any investments against
unfavourable changes in the price of such investments.
To retain any property belonging to or forming part of the Trust Property in the actual state or
condition in which the same shall be received by the Trustees for so long as the Trustees shall
think proper notwithstanding that they are not investments authorized by law for trustees.
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To lease at any time and from time to time real or immoveable property, or any interest in real or
immoveable property entrusted to them, for such term or terms of months or years, to begin
presently or in the future, as the Trustees may deem proper, even though such lease or leases
shall be for a term or terms exceeding that authorized by law and be beyond the time of termination
of any trust estate herein created, such leases to be with such options, covenants, terms,
conditions, agreements and provisions as the Trustees shall deem proper. The Trustees may
accept the surrender of any lease of Trust Property on such terms that they consider appropriate.
To mortgage, hypothecate or charge the whole or any part of the Trust Property or any interest
therein, upon such terms as to payment of principal and payment of interest as the Trustees shall,
in their absolute discretion, see fit. The Trustees may renew or pay off any such mortgage, hypothec
or charge of Trust Property and may borrow money to pay off any such mortgage, hypothec or
charge.
To manage real or leasehold, immoveable or moveable property, entrusted to them, or from time
to time held by them hereunder, and to make such ordinary and extraordinary repairs and such
alterations and improvements thereon as they shall deem advisable; to raise buildings and erect
new buildings; to subdivide and plot real or immoveable property, to lay out and dedicate ways,
roads and public places, to grant or release easements or servitudes and enter into partitions, party
wall and boundary line agreements and agreements of any other kind with respect to real or
immoveable property; to make any payment for such repairs, alterations and improvements or
services or in connection with such management out of capital or out of Net Income or partly out of
capital and partly out of Net Income, as they shall deem proper, and generally to manage any such
real, immoveable or leasehold property.
To sell, assign, transfer, exchange, convey, mortgage, hypothecate, charge, pledge, lease,
subdivide, partition, build upon, improve, repair, manage or otherwise deal with any property
forming part of the Trust Property as if they were in absolute ownership and possession of that
property, with any consideration received by the Trustees in respect of such a transaction forming
part of the Trust Property, and the Trustees may:
(a) sell for cash or credit, with or without security, on the terms and conditions they
deem advisable; or
(b) sell, at fair market value, to any Beneficiary,
any property forming part of the Trust Property which the Trustees may desire to dispose of, and
in so doing, the Trustees are not required to secure the consent or approval of any person, official,
authority, court or tribunal.
To abandon any property, real or personal, which the Trustees deem to be worthless or not of
sufficient value to warrant keeping or protecting, or may permit such property to be sold by tax sale
or convey any such property for a nominal consideration or without consideration.
To permit any Beneficiary being an individual to occupy or reside in any dwelling house which may
for the time being be subject to the trusts hereof either free of any costs to that Beneficiary or upon
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such conditions as to payment of rent, rates, taxes or other expenses and outgoings as to repair
and decoration and for such period and generally upon such terms as the Trustees in their absolute
discretion see fit.
To purchase or hire, and to permit any Beneficiary to have the use of moveables and chattels,
either free of any costs to that Beneficiary or upon such conditions as to payment of hire, taxes,
expenses, outgoings, insurance, repair and maintenance thereof and for such period and generally
upon such terms as the Trustees in their absolute discretion see fit.
To exchange property for other property of a like or different nature and for such consideration and
on such conditions as the Trustees may consider advisable.
To make any payments, provisions, apportionments, or distributions which may be permitted or
required under the terms of this Trust in whole or in part in moneys, securities or other property
comprising the Trust Property. Every apportionment and distribution, and valuation therefor, which
in the discretion of the Trustees shall seem equitable, shall be final, conclusive and binding upon
all persons interested.
To purchase and invest in additional property as additions to the Trust Property and to hold the
same upon the trusts herein set forth and to administer such additions under the provisions hereof.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustees may not purchase any property from a Beneficiary or
any Trustees or their respective personal representatives absent the opinion of a competent tax
advisor that no adverse effects will result.
The Trustees may grant to any person options to purchase any asset upon such terms and
conditions and for such consideration (if any), exercisable at such time, for such periods, as the
Trustees shall deem advisable.
To sign, make, accept or deliver any agreements, assignments, transfers, bills of sale, contracts,
deeds, notes, cheques, bills of exchange, other negotiable instruments, powers of attorney,
receipts and any and all other instruments in writing necessary or appropriate in the opinion of the
Trustees for the settlement or administration of the Trust, and to sign any such instrument without
warranty by, or without recourse to, the Trustees.
To waive, or agree to waive, in whole or in part, unpaid accrued interest or unpaid declared or
accumulated dividends in respect of any investment which may form part of the Trust Property, or
to release any person, firm or corporation (other than a Trustee or any person, firm or corporation
related, within the meaning contemplated by the ITA, to any Trustee) from any obligation to the
Trust, with or without compensation.
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To vote all shares and stocks forming part of the Trust Property and to exercise all rights incidental
to the ownership of shares, stocks, bonds, debentures or other securities or investments forming
part of the Trust Property.
To appoint some person or persons their proxy to vote shares, stocks, debentures or other
securities, including limited partnerships either by agreement, subscription or the purchase of a
limited partnership unit.
To vote for the election of themselves or any of them to any executive office or to membership on
any board of directors or executive or other committee of any corporation in which the Trust owns
shares, and to serve in any such office or on any such board or committee and accept and receive
remuneration for their or his or her personal use for such services without diminution of their or his
or her respective compensation as Trustee hereunder.
To enter into shareholders’ agreements or other agreements as the Trustees in their absolute
discretion deem advisable.
To become a party to any voting trust or deposit agreement and to deposit any securities or property
held thereunder with any protective organization or depository.
To participate in the carrying on of any business of any corporation, the securities of which form
part of the Trust Property.
To participate, or arrange for any corporation, company or other entity in which the Trust has
invested to participate, in any amalgamation, reorganization, recapitalization, arrangement,
continuance, discontinuance, winding-up, dissolution or other transaction in respect of any
corporation, company or other entity whose shares or other securities are held directly or indirectly
as part of the Trust Property.
To enter into agreements or other arrangements forming or relating to partnerships, including
limited partnerships and to act as a partner (in their capacity as Trustees) of any partnership with
whom the Trustees (in their personal capacity) may, directly or indirectly, own an interest in or have
any business dealings with, and to retain for themselves (in their personal capacities) any amounts
received from such partnership notwithstanding that the Trust Property or a decision of the Trustees
(in their capacity as such) may have created or contributed to the profits of such partnership.
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To apply for and purchase, as an authorized investment of the Trust Property, life and disability
insurance on the life of any person (including the Settlor, any of the Trustees, or the Beneficiaries),
to accept and assign, for adequate consideration, any life insurance policy or policies on the life of
any person and / or benefits under any such policy or policies, and to use and apply any portion of
the capital of the Trust Property in the payment or prepayment of premiums upon, or for the purpose
of maintaining in force, any such insurance, whether applied for and purchased by Trustees or
accepted by them as assignees or donees. Any insurance so purchased by, donated to or
otherwise acquired and held by the Trustees shall be deemed to be an authorized investment for
the purposes of the trust and whenever from time to time the Trustees pay or prepay any premium
or premiums on any insurance they shall be deemed to have made an authorized investment. The
proceeds of any such insurance and any amount payable as a result of the prepayment of
premiums shall be payable and paid to the Trustees and, when received by them, shall constitute
part of the capital of the Trust Property. The Trustees are empowered to exercise any and all rights
and powers howsoever available or arising with respect to any policy of insurance applied for,
purchased by, donated to or otherwise acquired by the Trustees and to dispose of such policy in
such manner, at such time, for such price and upon such terms as they consider advisable.
To compromise and settle for such consideration and upon such terms and considerations as the
Trustees may consider advisable all matters arising in relation to the Trust or the Trust Property
and all such compromises and settlements shall be binding on all the Beneficiaries and others who
in the future acquire any interest under this Deed.
To incorporate any company or companies or any corporation or corporations under the laws of
the Province of Alberta, or any other jurisdiction in Canada or elsewhere, at the expense of the
Trust Property for the purpose of investing the whole or any part of the Trust Property wholly or
partly in shares or other securities of such company or companies or corporation or corporations
and to purchase, carry on, sell, continue, discontinue or wind-up any business and, upon the
discontinuance or winding-up of any business, corporation or company, to receive any assets in
kind and to agree as to the division of any assets.
To carry on any business or trade and, without limiting the generality thereof, any business or trade
relating to the provision of services, manufacturing of goods, or importing or exporting goods, in
any part of the world.
The Trustees may lend monies out of the Trust Property to any person, including a beneficiary
hereunder, upon such terms as the Trustees shall deem advisable. Any such loan may be made
with or without interest, and with or without security.
To borrow money or obtain other credit (whether by loan, advance, overdraft or otherwise) from
themselves individually or from any individual, firm, bank, credit union, corporation or other lender,
either without security or upon security of any of the Trust Property, whether real or personal, for
the purposes and on the terms and conditions as they deem advisable, and to make, sign and
deliver under seal or otherwise any notes, bonds, mortgages, hypothecations, charges, pledges or
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other obligations or security documents as may be required to create a security interest for the
lender, and, in repaying that borrowed money, to use any funds of the Trust that they consider
advisable, including any investment authorized by Section 22.
To act as surety or guarantor or to grant any bond to secure any debt or other obligation of any
person, including a Beneficiary, or to undertake or give any indemnity with respect to any debt or
other obligation of any such person or Beneficiary, either with or without consideration and whether
limited in amount or not and to mortgage, hypothec, charge or otherwise hypothecate all or any
part of the Trust Property to secure the performance of any surety, guarantee, bond, covenant or
indemnity given, made or undertaken by the Trustees.
To apply the whole or any part of the capital of the Trust Property in or towards payment of any
liability undertaken by the Trustees as guarantor or surety of any Beneficiary.
To carry insurance against hazards, including public liability, in such amounts and type as the
Trustees, in their absolute discretion, shall deem advisable (without being liable for any omission
to purchase any insurance or to purchase a particular amount or a particular type of insurance).
To hold and keep invested the share or part of a share of any person who becomes entitled to a
share in the Trust Property before he or she attains the age of majority, and to pay or transfer the
Net Income and capital thereof, or so much thereof as the Trustees in their absolute discretion may
deem advisable, to or for the benefit of such person until he or she attains the age of majority.
The Trustees are authorized to make any payment, transfer or distribution, whether of Net Income
or of capital and whether before or at the Division Date, and whether made in cash, in kind or in
specie, to or for any Beneficiary who is under the age of majority:
(a) directly to such Beneficiary;
(b) directly in payment of the expense, support, education, entertainment, welfare, comfort,
benefit, well-being or advancement in life of such Beneficiary;
(c) to the parent, legal guardian, acting guardian, committee, trustee or other legal
representative of such Beneficiary; or
(d) to any other person, whether or not appointed guardian of such Beneficiary, who shall have
the care and custody of such Beneficiary;
and the receipt of such payment, transfer or delivery by the Beneficiary or any person other than
such Beneficiary shall be a sufficient discharge to the Trustees notwithstanding the minority of the
recipient or that the recipient may not be bonded or may be insufficiently bonded.
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The Trustees may combine the assets of any separate shares or trusts established under the Deed
for the purpose of more convenient administration or investment for any period of time, provided
that the separate character of the beneficiaries’ proportionate interests is preserved.
Notwithstanding any of the trusts, powers and provisions herein, the Trustees may in their absolute
discretion from time to time and at any time or times, transfer and convey the whole or any share,
portion, part or parts of the Trust Property, save and except any such share, portion, part or parts
thereof which shall be indefeasibly vested in one or more of the Beneficiaries, to any other trust or
settlement whether established under or pursuant to the laws of the Province of Alberta, any other
province of Canada, or any other jurisdiction whatsoever, to be held by the trustee of such other
trust, with and subject to the powers and provisions of such other trust or settlement provided that
the Beneficiaries of this Trust alive at the date of such transfer shall be one or more of the
beneficiaries of such other trust or settlement. For greater certainty, the Trustees may, in their
absolute discretion, settle new trusts for the purpose of making distributions to Beneficiaries that
are under the age of 21. Upon any such transfer described in this Section 46 being made, the trusts
herein declared concerning the property comprised in such transfer shall cease and the said
property shall for all purposes be subject to the trusts, powers and provisions contained in such
other trust. Any new trust so created shall be subject to the restriction that the Settlor and the
Settlor’s spouse shall not be capable of benefiting under the new trust.
Subject to Section 12:
(a) To hold the Trust Property or any part or parts thereof at any place or places and
to move same from time to time from place to place inside or outside of Alberta.
(b) To move the residence of the Trust and the administration of the Trust Property to
any jurisdiction and, for this purpose, do all such things and take all such actions,
including the appointment of a new Trustee and the transfer of the Trust Property
or any part thereof to such a place or jurisdiction; or
(c) to transfer some or all of the Trust Property to any other trust established pursuant
to the laws of any jurisdiction, to be held by the trustees of that other trust, provided
that the other trust may not infringe the applicable rule against perpetuities and
provided that one or more of the Beneficiaries are beneficiaries of that other trust.
To pay out of Net Income or capital or partly out of Net Income and partly from capital, as the
Trustees in their absolute discretion shall decide, all expenses and disbursements incurred in the
administration of the Trust, including, but not limited to, all legal costs incurred in the administration
of the Trust or in any litigation or possible litigation which may affect the Trustees, the Trust or the
Trust Property.
To pay out of Net Income or capital, as they may from time to time in their absolute discretion
determine, any taxes or other imposts payable in connection with the Trust or payable by any
Beneficiaries in respect of the Trust or any part thereof.
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To retain and pay any agents, accountants, lawyers, brokers and other assistants and advisers
deemed by them to be helpful for the proper settlement or administration of the Trust, and, provided
that the person was selected and retained with reasonable care, to do so without any liability for
any neglect, omission, misconduct or default of any such retained person (provided further that if a
Trustee is engaged in a profession or business and is retained by the Trustees to provide services
to them in their capacity as Trustees, the Trustee or his or her firm may be paid a proper fee or
charge for any services provided by the Trustee or his or her firm, whether or not in the ordinary
course of the Trustee’s profession or business).
To open and operate such bank accounts as may be expedient in the opinion of the Trustees and
to deposit any cash balances in the hands of the Trustees at any time in any chartered bank, caisse
populaire or trust company and, for the purposes of the Trust, to draw, make, endorse, deposit or
deal in cheques, bills of exchange, promissory notes, drafts or any other mercantile, commercial or
security documents of any nature or kind, and to enter into contracts or agreements of any nature
or kind, with such a chartered bank or trust company. For these purposes, the signatures of the
Trustees or those Trustees designated by all of the Trustees in writing, as Trustees, and not in their
personal capacity, shall be valid and binding upon the Trust. The Trustees may also appoint any
third party or third parties to execute such documents on behalf of the Trust.
The Trustees may provide for depreciation or depletion reserves to be charged against the Net
Income arising from depreciable or depleting assets held in the Trust Property. The rate of
depreciation or depletion to be taken annually shall be such rate as the Trustees shall deem
advisable.
To institute, prosecute or defend any suits, actions or other proceedings affecting the Trustees (in
their capacity as such) or the Trust Property, to settle any claim or other dispute, to submit any
claim or dispute to arbitration, and to compromise or compound any debt owing to or by the Trust.
To undertake such reorganizations of any corporation, company, partnership or trust, or such
restructurings of Trust Property, including any reorganization that results in the value of the Trust’s
interest in any such corporation, company, partnership or trust having been totally or partially
limited. For greater certainty, the exercise of such power shall not be considered an act in
derogation of the Trustees’ duty to protect and preserve the interests of the Beneficiaries.
To unite with other owners of property similar to any Trust Property, or any such property that can
be conveniently dealt with jointly, in carrying out any plan for the consolidation, subdivision or
merger, dissolution or liquidation, foreclosure, lease or sale of the property, incorporation or
reincorporation, reorganization or readjustment of the capital or financial structure of any
corporation, company or association, the securities of which may form a portion of the trust. In so
doing, the Trustees may become and serve as a member of any stockholders’ or bondholders’ or
creditors’ protective committee; may present proposals and oppose proposals presented; may
approve or disapprove what is discussed and protect against any matter or thing which the Trustees
might consider contrary to the best interest of the Trust; may deposit securities in accordance with
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any plan agreed upon; may pay any assessment, expense or other sum of money that may be
required for the protection or furtherance of the interest of the Beneficiaries with reference to any
such plan; and may receive and retain as investments of the Trust any securities issued as a result
of the execution of such plan, whether or not they would be authorized investments but for this
provision of this Deed
provincial legislation)
The following provisions of this paragraph are made to assist the Trustees in administering the
trusts and in complying with the provisions of the ITA and the Excise Tax Act (and any analogous
provincial legislation):
(a) The Trustees will have all the powers of trustees granted, referred to or necessary under
the relevant provisions of the ITA and the Excise Tax Act, or any other taxing statute
affecting the Trust, including the power to elect, designate, allocate, apportion, pay or make
payable any amount for tax or other purposes, in respect of a Beneficiary or the Trust. The
Trustees may make any allocation, determination, designation or election now or hereafter
required, permitted or contemplated by the ITA and the Excise Tax Act with respect to any
property, income, expense or other matter of or pertaining to the Trust Property, in the
same manner and to the same extent as any individual or other person might do,
notwithstanding that the allocation, determination, designation or election may have the
effect of conferring an advantage on any one or more of the Beneficiaries hereunder at the
expense of any one or more of the other Beneficiaries or could otherwise be considered
but for the foregoing as not being an impartial exercise by the Trustees of their duties,
powers and discretion under this settlement or as not being the maintaining of an even
hand among the Beneficiaries. The Trustees may take the additional action they consider
necessary to compensate any Beneficiary for any detriment he or she may suffer as a
result of any action permitted by this provision if in the Trustees’ discretion the action is
necessary, advisable or desirable.
(b) The Trustees may allocate among the Beneficiaries the incidence of tax credits and
allowances of like nature, in the manner and in the proportion as they see fit, and in making
the allocation, the Trustees may do so on terms and with adjustments among the
Beneficiaries as will not necessarily preserve an even-handed treatment among the
Beneficiaries.
(c) The Trustees will have full discretion to make and file all income tax and other returns,
elections, notices, designations or similar documents required by law or which the Trustees
deem advisable whether on behalf of the Trust or on behalf of a Beneficiary.
To perform any other actions, make any other decisions and do any other things necessary or
appropriate in the opinion of the Trustees to fulfil their duties and responsibilities under this Deed
or otherwise to comply with this Deed.
To exercise their powers and authority in their sole, absolute and unfettered discretion. The
exercise of this discretion by the Trustees is binding on all parties interested or potentially interested
in the Trust.
KPMG Law LLP SCHEDULE C
[NTD: Insert photocopy/scan/photo of settlement property]
TOC-2 1379-3129-1674, v. 6
SCHEDULE D
TRUSTEE APPOINTMENT PROTOCOL
In accordance with section 10.7 of this deed, the following constraints shall apply to the appointment of
Trustees where Peter and Grace both are unable or unwilling to act as Trustee, death, resignation,
incapacity, ineligibility under this Deed or any other reason:
1 For so long as one of Peter or Grace is a Trustee, there shall at all times be at least three (3) Trustees,
all of whom shall be Original Trustees.
2 At such time as neither Peter nor Grace is a Trustee, there shall at all times be four (4) Trustees.
3 While they are alive and able to act:
that one (1) of the remaining Trustee positions must be occupied by a lineal descendant of Calvin
selected by Calvin, and one (1) of the remaining Trustee positions must be occupied by a lineal
descendant of Timothy selected by Timothy.
OR
the requirement that one (1) of the remaining Trustee positions must be occupied by a lineal
descendant of Calvin, and one (1) of the remaining Trustee positions must be occupied by a lineal
descendant of Timothy.
4 Upon the first of Timothy and Calvin to be unwilling or unable to act as Trustee, whether due to death,
resignation, incapacity, ineligibility under this Deed or any other reason:
or unable to act. If the first of Timothy and Calvin to be unable to unwilling or unable to act has left
instructions regarding who should fill these roles in a last will and testament, letter of wishes or
similar document, the remaining Trustee is to make these appointments in accordance with the
most recently authored instructions;
remaining Trustee.
5 Where Timothy and Calvin are both unwilling or unable to act as Trustees, whether due to death,
resignation, incapacity, ineligibility under this Deed or any other reason:
subject to the requirement that if there is a vacancy in the two posts allocated to either Timothy or Calvin
and either of them has left instructions regarding who should fill the vacancy or vacancies in a last will and
testament, letter of wishes or similar document, appointments must be made in accordance with the most
recently authored instructions. [NTD: When the two appointees from one side of the family have their
TOC-3 1379-3129-1674, v. 6
terms expire simultaneously, the remaining appointees from the other side of the family will be able
to appoint their replacements. Consider whether this poses an issue.]
6 With respect to any person appointed as a Trustee other than the Original Trustees:
automatically cease to hold office as a Trustee; and
Trustee’s term, vote unanimously to renew that Trustee’s term of office for a further five years