见证篇164.你在…

人在教会热闹,耶稣在外叩门。我们喜欢说得漂亮、做得排场,当环境艰难,无法通过事工掩盖内心贫乏,迷恋语言的你我被要求活出来,我们就慌了。我们到底跟从哪位主?竟然如此侥幸,面皮没有风霜,手背没有钉痕?不求一生蓝图,不求全程照亮,但求每天忠于祂。

其实,现代社会的神话才真是多!每天媒体都不断告诉我们,维护某种社会秩序,人们才会平安;建立某种制度,国家才有前途;拥有某种商品,人才快乐;改变某种态度,人就可以突破自我、获得成功。这些应许能否叫人更真实地面对世界,更具创意地面对自己的将来,更富同情心地面对比我们不幸的人?还是只能用来满足人的贪欲、英雄主义和自我中心?它们是在神化现今的制度?或者彻底否定这个世界、逃避社会责任?

平常日子,人在教会越久就越难体会耶稣才是教会的主,他以为某某长执、某某牧师才是教会的主。而在试炼的时候,人又很容易以为地上的权势拥有让教会或生或死的权力。但《启示录》禁止我们采取失败主义来生活,哪怕众人已经向凯撒屈膝,斗兽场饥饿的狮子正在吼叫,罗马士兵的刀剑已经出鞘,我们需要重新学习认识“金灯台的奥秘”:拥有教会的不是某个人或势力,而是行走在金灯台中间、手拿七星的主耶稣。

摆脱对语言的迷恋
当环境艰难,人自然希望多得安慰鼓励。因此试炼临到,人常常很有听道和传道的热情。但所谓试炼,很少是试验我们有没有听道和传道的热切,而是试验我们是不是对所信的道认真,即使利益和生命受损仍然认真。这种认真不能藉听道或点赞来表达,它对华人信徒的挑战是,放下对高言大智的迷恋,而要躬身力行。

约翰一开始就说,“念这书上预言的和那些听见又遵守其中所记载的,都是有福的”(启一3)。仿佛预见到《启示录》可能会被后人当作满足好奇心、猜测未来事情的谈资,约翰指出预言不仅是说说听听,它带着强烈的今世指向和行为要求。

对语言和概念的执着是中国人的民族性,我们相信文字与实体总有某种形而上的关联。加上基督教自改教运动以来越来越趋向唯理的传统,早期教会透过崇拜、赞美、祷告,及圣礼所经历的奥秘,慢慢被讲道与听道取代,我们对文字和语言的重视已经到了不合理的地步。

随着越多有文化的知识群体、城市中产进入教会,语言对中产信徒具有某种想当然的救赎功能,甚至到了一个地步,它已代替了身体力行的紧迫性和服从的必须性,我们以为只要聆听、了解、辩证,然后认可,就完成了启示对人的要求。其他事,只须支持别人去做便够了,例如宣教,我们奉献金钱即可,很少考虑自己作宣教士的可能。

这类背景的信徒和传道人所受的专业训练使他习惯以逻辑和理性角度来认识人和神。一套正统的属灵的宗教语言就变成了他们的救赎器具——初信主的人若能用适当的言语来描述他的属灵经验,就比较容易被接纳为重生得救的人;他若没有适当的语言,就去参加慕道班补课,慕道班很多时候成了学习使用属灵话语的场合。

说出一个正确的词语,就等于进入那个领域,尽了那个责任,达到了那个生命状态。教会亦常怀疑不用传统属灵话语的人是否真正得救,我们不时看见有人否定一篇文章的理由是,“全篇没一处提及十字架、罪、赦免”。没提及就等于没有,在他心目中,救赎是凭借语言完成的。

知识群体和中产信徒最难正视的是雅各的劝告,“只是你们要行道,不要单单听道,自己欺哄自己”(雅1: 22)。他们的学历和生活水平是穷其半生努力达到的,舒适、安全,温馨而有尊严感。要真正实行圣经的教导,很多时候就会搅扰这个小天地,挑战其生活形态,这是不能忍受的。

约翰的光景绝不比任何当代受压迫的信徒轻松,他的前景也不比任何人更明朗。基督或凯撒不再是理性辩论的题目,而是生与死的选择;信仰不再是一个命题,而变成一个极度尖锐的现实。环境不允许我们再用语言代替实体,以第二层次的责任代替第一层次的顺服。危难的日子正是我们兑现属灵言语的契机,不以语言为救赎媒介、躬身力行的信徒有福了。

有了爱,再苦也容易捱过
风调雨顺的时候,马马虎虎地作基督徒,甚至同时事奉两个主,既是可能的又是普遍的。当环境紧迫时就完全不同了。你马马虎虎,时代不容许你,你自己也会觉得没意思。为什么要作挂名的基督徒呢?想想看,假如你只是挂名的王太太,与王先生没有真实的夫妻关系,那是多痛苦的事!作挂名的富翁又如何?作挂名的什么,都是痛苦的。

以弗所教会的信徒们患上了一种很普遍的属灵病征,就是以工作代替爱神,以护卫真道代替爱人。这就是“以弗所症候群”。他们的问题不在没有事奉,或外面的工作不够多,而是里面的工作不够好。基督教常犯的毛病、就是以更多的外在服事来掩盖里面的问题,遇上有人指出不妥当的地方,就爱用许多理论来辩驳,把真相混淆,把真理掩盖起来。

耶稣对以弗所教会的忠告,乃是不要自辩,只需反省,思想是在什么地方坠落的,立刻悔改,立刻去行。从实际层面来说,无论教会怎样努力,也许都无法改变教外的大气候,但教会若肯切实爱神爱人,就能见证神、造就人。有了爱,更困难的时刻也容易捱过。爱的见证所发挥的力量,不容低估。

人内心越空虚难耐,就越喜欢用密密的工作和应酬来掩盖空虚与寂寥,个人如是,教会亦如是。惯于以事工来给予自己身份感的人,以忙碌来代替价值,假如环境变化,没有条件开展外面的事工,那时我们怎样确定自己仍是耶稣的门徒呢?

华人信徒喜欢看圣徒传记,圣徒的遭遇越惨,我们就越喜欢,越得激励。但我们很少想,会不会有一天我们也要这条十字架的路?害怕、退缩,都是自然的,我们却不能让自然的反应为我们作抉择。在害怕与退缩的时候,要听主的话:我是首先的,我是末后的,让我们尝试一起走吧。主对我们一切的主权,在逆境的时候显得最为真实宝贵,而不是在平顺安乐的日子随便说说来点缀的。

当我们为神受苦,很多时候就觉得更有理由求主拯救,心中想着的尽是旧约里神拯救的应许。如果事情没有如愿,就容易灰心放弃。耶稣给士每拿教会的信中,我们看到祂只是警告前面有更大的试炼,却没有半点意思要减少试炼。对于受苦中的信徒,祂给出的回答是:“你务要至死忠心,我就赐给你那生命的冠冕。”(启二10)。

有的领袖习惯扮演弥赛亚强人。我们若坚持只有消耗许多人力和物力的大场面,才是教会唯一有效的事工,当条件不许可的时候,弥赛亚强人的角色找不到舞台了。跟随这种领袖的信徒都相信若不改变社会建制,一切受苦和不公义的问题都无法解决,因此推动权力架构调整,才是改变社会最有效的途径。但这不是信仰群体唯一可以有的反应,我们可以不把当权者作为殚精竭虑的对象,转而用心服事那些缺少支持、无处可逃的人。

这正是耶稣受苦仆人的角色。士每拿教会明白什么是“受苦的仆人”,在艰难时势里,教会也没有更有效的角色了。难道我们只能在安稳的瓶子里作盐,不能在淡而无味、绝望之境作盐吗?

你是在哪里妥协放松的?
近代基督徒有一种风气好奇怪,就是害怕自己太像基督徒,理由是怕让那些不信的人不敢接近他。像一个不信的人就会吸引不信的人吗?叫不信的人由好奇而至相信的,不是一篇道理,而是生命气质的流露。人们常爱引用保罗的话,“向什么样的人,就作什么样的人”,却忘记保罗说这句话的目的是“无论如何,总要救些人”,而不是出于人天然的掩护本能。因此保罗同样写道:“你们务要从他们中间出来,与他们分别。”

在这个时代,不同流合污,为主的名持守真道,我们就不能冀望讨好所有人。若是为了真理的缘故与人冲突,就求神叫我们坚持到底。时代愈紧迫,人愈容易乱了阵脚,事事只顾眼前的得失。我们若只争朝夕,乱世的朝夕是今天成王明天败寇,很容易叫人失望。此时人人都争取他的发言权,都说他是为了公义。基督徒要学习冷静地听,分辨什么是群众的叫嚣,什么是基督的要求,群众会把真理钉在十字架上。作领袖的,不要只一味讨好群众,作信徒的也不要仅仅跟着大队走。

要具历史感地活在此时此地,就是要求自己每日每事均能在基督的台前交账;就是看见一点点亮光,就倚靠祂走下去;不求一生的蓝图,不求全程的照亮,只求祂使我们永远忠于祂,忠于每一日,忠于每一个机会。与其到时结结巴巴不知怎样向基督解释,不如今天就像活在审判台前,这就是我说的历史感。

信徒在神的手中,就像弓箭在弓箭手的手中一样。弓箭在弓箭袋只是处于预备的状态,时候到了,弓箭手就把箭扣在弦上,弓拉得涨满,瞄准目标,就好像神以我们瞄准祂的目标一样。我们知道目标吗?大多数时候是不知道的,但祂仍然拉,叫我们受不了,我们挣扎呼求,祂好像不理不睬。直等时候到了,祂就射我们出去。在风和日丽、目标准确的时候,哪里需要信心和忍耐呢?前景不明、生活困苦之际,像推雅推喇的信徒那样,才需要信心。

教会里面出现错误思想,是古今皆然的事实,教会容让它坐大,却有无可推诿的责任。我们的问题不是有人利用自由传讲不合真理的事情,如果剥夺这种自由,更大的罪恶就会冒出头;我们的问题是太少人使用他的自由勇敢站出来为主耶稣表明什么是对、什么是错。我们容让巴兰的教训、尼哥拉一党人和耶洗别在教会通行无阻了。

撒狄教会面对的危机是:这个在人面前有好名声的教会,其实名存实亡,在主面前没有一样是完全的,竟然不自知。然而“在撒狄你还有几名是未曾污秽自己衣服的,他们要穿白衣与我同行,因为他们是配得过的。”(启3:4)配得,不是说他们做了什么可以赚取救恩,而是指持守信仰以致受排挤、吃苦头的信徒,主认为他们是配得过与主同行的。

配得过的生命,就是活在神前、讨神喜悦的生命,而不是活在人前。不要说你不知道分辨什么是神的意思、什么是人的意思;不要用另一问题来逃避真正的问题。你自己清楚,你在什么地方一定要用别人的意见和利弊的衡量来跟内心的声音比较、用怀疑的声音和辩论的态度扰乱自己的心。

有一则笑话,乍听荒唐,想深一层却道尽教会以至个人堕落的血泪——一个美国富商去见教宗。他们在花园边走边谈,后面跟着红衣主教。红衣主教只听见富商说:“一百万怎样?”教宗摇头说:“不行。”“那么五百万吧!”富商语带希望。“还是不成。”教宗固执地说。红衣主教开始皱起眉头。“最后一口价,一千万可以了吧!”富商显得焦急了。教宗仍然坚定地回答:“实在是不行啊!”富商满脸失望,忧忧愁愁地离去了。

这时红衣主教走上前去:“你为什么这样固执呢?一千万我们可以做很多事情了,可以救济多少穷人啊……他到底要求你做什么?”教宗静静地回答:“他要我以后在群众面前祈祷的时候,最后要说:奉可口可乐的名祈祷,阿门。”

你听过教会、机构为了筹措经费,而向其他人做出降格的事吗?基督教圈子里的现象,很多时候比这个笑话更荒唐。总有人以为教会就是他的,他想怎样搞就怎样搞。什么时候我们以人的理想代替基督的理想,以世俗的标准代替圣经的标准,教会、机构就必然落到名存实亡的境地。什么时候我们能警觉到我们是存于基督手中,祂是那位遍察精微又有丰盛恩典的,我们感受到祂恩典的严厉立刻回转,就重新活过来了。

要自己回想,你在哪里出了纰漏,你在哪里妥协放松,这些是只有你自己才知道的。你回想又知道了,就要老老实实去悔改,回归的路就是这样走出第一步的。

听,祂正在门外叩门
活在这个世代的一个残酷现实是:有原则的人难免吃苦。《启示录》叫人最吃惊的异象之一,就是得宝座的竟是被杀的羔羊。有一天当信徒显现在羔羊的宝座前为一生交账,那位被杀的羔羊也会吃惊,怎么我们可以皮光肉滑地度过一生?我们到底是跟从哪一位主?竟然可以如此“侥幸”?怎么面皮没有风霜,手背没有钉痕?

这不是说,我们基督徒都要自己去“找死”,而是要有置于死地而后生的生命、一种不再害怕杀身体不能杀灵魂的生命、被复活大能覆庇的生命,叫教会能在最不可能的地方建立起来,并且改变社会。

老底嘉教会的罪不是冷漠、属灵热度不足,或对基督冷淡。从他们自夸说“一样都不缺”,可见这个教会在人看来应该是蛮不错的,不大可能在宗教上全无作为。就像老底嘉的问题不是没有水,而是地下水流到此地后水温下降,既无法被当作具有疗效的温泉,又因为冷却不够、杂质太多而无法饮用,他们的宗教活动也已毫无用处。人们在教会里闹哄哄的,耶稣却在门外叩门。老底嘉教会的属灵功能已经患上了严重的“萎缩症”。

面对剧烈改变的社会,人们可以期待教会能对他们有些什么益处呢?教会面对社会上无助无告的人,应有一份油然而生、不能自己的激情,就像耶稣看见人如同羊没有牧人,就怜悯他们一样。我们一定要学会问一个问题:耶稣若是来到我们这个社会,面对着同样的人群,祂会怎样做?祂会将一切问题都简化为属灵问题来解决吗?

就以灵性问题为例,一切灵性问题都是福音的问题吗?为什么主耶稣不以福音方案来解决少年官的问题,祂若用福音方案来解决他的问题,而不是硬要他变卖所有、分给穷人——这明显不属于典型的福音方案——我们不就有一个皆大欢喜的结局了吗?为什么祂不像众人那样,先批评撒该贪财害人,然后才接纳他?

祂接触活生生的人,他们的问题就成了祂的问题。祂以新生王的身份来接受一切代表旧势力的人生问题,而迎战的方法不仅是福音观念的传递,而是实际的解决:迷乱者给他天国的指引,饥饿者给他食物,患病者给他医治。这就是祂面对受旧势力折磨的人所产生的激情,也是至终使祂受苦、被钉十架的激情。新生王从来不为祂的权利作任何辩护,在祂只有“是”,面对死亡及被死亡恐惧折磨的人,祂全面介入、迎战,又胜过。

说真的,当时的教会有什么呢?面对罗马帝国,他们只是一群没权势、没影响力的小民。你若问:“这有什么用?”我便要问:“强大的罗马帝国今天在哪里呢?”弱小的教会却已经成为历史不能漠视的团体,好多人都试过想要抹掉它,却没有一个成功。

耶稣给教会的七封书信,是以祂自己在门外叩门作结束的,我们也当静心聆听祂的叩门声,祂叩我们的心门、我们所居住的这城的门、我们这个国家的门。门内的人可以因着自满自义、大事庆祝,以致听不到叩门声;门内的人也可以因着苦难而消沉消极、自怨自艾,以致听不到叩门声。活在这个时代,我们有责任聆听祂的声音,并且相信叩门者是凯旋的王,听见又开门的,要与祂一同坐在宝座上。

见证篇163.父母…

当年轻的父母不用承担责任时,他们就永远只能是孩子,最终将导致三代受损。

普遍现象就是正常现象?
如今大都市中初为人父母的年轻人几乎都会请来自己的父母帮忙带孩子,电话中理由往往是“来帮助坐月子”。帮忙坐月子是需要的,毕竟小夫妻都没有相关经验。只是这个月子时间有点长,往往要帮忙到孩子上完小学。个别家庭还会请老人帮忙带孩子到初中毕业。然后变得驼背、白发越来越多的老人光荣退休,完成历史使命。箴28:24

对原本年老多病的老人来说,带孩子是非常辛苦的事,何况通常还要帮忙买菜烧菜。不过,孩子们认为这是天经地义的事:“自己要上班,有时还要加班。父母不来帮忙谁来帮忙?现在大家不都这样吗?”就连教会中的大多数弟兄姊妹,也是如此去行。

问题是大家都如此,就正常吗?从北宋到清末,汉族妇女同胞不分贫富都裹小脚,不裹小脚嫁不出去。大家都在裹,请问裹小脚正常不正常?必有人说事情不一样,裹小脚在摧残女性健康,所以属于变态。而帮忙带孩子是为了下一代。要知道,违背天理的即是变态。前者摧残的是女同胞的身体,后者摧残的是老人的健康与孩子的心理健康。“弟兄们,在心志上不要作小孩子。然而,在恶事上要作婴孩,在心志上总要作大人。”林前14:20

蒙福之道:规规矩矩按着次序行。林前14:40
基督徒需要晓得儿女是上帝所赐的产业,不是我们的私产。不能随心所欲地当虎爹虎妈或随便散养,也不能随大流照世人的模式去行。圣经所指示的方法是唯一正确的方法。教养儿女的职责上帝托付的是父母,而不是爷爷奶奶、外公外婆。

请看两节经文:“我今日所吩咐你的话都要记在心上,也要殷勤教训你的儿女。”申6:6-7,“你们作父亲的,不要惹儿女的气,只要照着主的教训和警戒养育他们。”弗6:4

教养儿女的第一责任人是父母,尤其是父亲。不是祖辈,更不是教会学校的老师。过于强调教会学校的重要性也可能存在偏颇。

为什么神要让本已非常辛苦忙碌的父母自己来带孩子呢?
首先,神在创世之初就如此定规。主一吩咐,我们就当听命领受。这是按照神至高的主权来说的,也是我们需要遵行的最主要理由。

其次,在神设计的家庭关系中,不但亲情得以稳固,而且由父母亲自来带孩子可以建立父母的权威,帮助孩子从小懂得什么叫权柄与顺服。同时,在含辛茹苦地抚养孩子过程中,父母自己的属灵生命也得以成长,渐渐懂得自己父母的爱,也由此开始体会到父神的爱。不吃苦,不经历艰辛,生命就无法成长。所以经上说:“人在幼年负轭,这原是好的。”哀3:27

第三,父母亲自来带孩子,就需要处处作榜样,每天为孩子祷告。因为使命既然明确,责任已然落实。既不能怨老人文化水平差,也不方便抱怨社会混乱。毕竟,亲生的孩子你都影响不了,可见平时见证有多差劲。

第四,为主培训属灵的精兵,是极荣耀之事。儿女本是神所赐的产业,我们将来要为此特特在神面前交账。圣经中有提摩太的美好见证:“但你所学习的、所确信的,要存在心里,因为你知道是跟谁学的。并且知道你是从小明白圣经,这圣经能使你因信基督耶稣有得救的智慧。”提后3:14-15

第五,我们自己长大的过程早就忘记了。亲自带孩子与亲眼看有所不同,等于亲身经历一遍童年,益处良多。人生多一次阅历,等于见识增加不少。

虽然自己带孩子又操心又辛苦异常,但既然是责任,就当承担;是使命,就要履行。哪怕再辛苦,哪怕时间再长。如果怕辛苦就推诿,请问若您自己生病,妻儿推诿,你会有何感想?或者以后父母突发疾病,卧病在床,你就因怕麻烦怕辛苦而不闻不顾吗?

让祖父母、外祖父母带孩子的弊处
1、老人需要休养,让高龄老人长期透支,非孝敬父母之法。所谓舔犊情深,跟当免费保姆有本质的区别。当我们把收入看重于老人幸福健康的时候,就属于对神的悖逆。圣经是说:“要孝敬父母,使你得福,在世长寿。这是第一条带应许的诫命。”弗6:2-3

2、因为年高体迈,精力衰退,所以老人照顾孩子难免会有不周之处。生活习惯的差异、代沟等问题客观存在。年轻父母又脆弱又敏感,时间长了难免会产生心理的隔阂。

3、人老了,看到自己的孙辈,情感会非常复杂。经历无数坎坷,阅尽人生甘苦的老人会格外宠孩子。其实对他们而言,不是宠,是弥补自己年轻时对儿女的不足。所以,舍不得管教是常态,听不得打骂是常事。年轻父母看到儿女的问题,又无法管教,心中难免滋生埋怨。

4、缺乏见证。对三代人来说都是如此,都有没有遵守神旨意的情况。
偶尔帮忙,促进家庭敦睦。间或小住,可令全家融洽。老年意见需要尊重,免费保姆不可利用。父母自己需要尽心,付出代价收获丰盛。

必有人会反驳:说起来当然轻松,但实际情况是;需要注意的是,所谓实际情况未必是遵行神旨意造成的。比如夫妻双方都上班,当然无法照顾抚养幼儿,只好请老人来帮忙。通常反驳的理由无非有三类:自己没经验,需要老人传授;自己身体不好,需要老人帮忙;经济条件有限,只好辛苦爹妈。

其实都不需要反驳,因为事实显而易见。
1、你当然没经验,但老人家的老经验,你又不要听,而且其中有些确实过时了。

2、你身体可能确实不好,但老人家能好到哪里去?

3、要说缺钱,连世界首富都不嫌钱多。圣经告诉我们:“因为我们没有带什么到世上来,也不能带什么去,只要有衣有食,就当知足。”提前6:7-8。从前一个家庭八九个孩子,就靠父亲一人做工,照样抚养孩子们成长与读书。现在虽然物价很高,教育开支庞大,但这都不是推诿责任,让老人来带孩子的理由。

说到底,基督徒要处处顺服神的旨意,时时行在光明中,生活形态必须要回归圣经。“无论作什么,都要为荣耀神而行。”否则就只能喊属灵的口号了。按照圣经指示的家庭样式,妻子就应当在家“相夫教子”,而不是外出打工赚钱。

我们消费的标准为什么要向世界看齐?家庭的建造为什么要参照属世的标准?难道我们神的膀臂缩短了吗?难道我们的神没有能力供应我们日常的需要吗?

如今的问题不是生活变艰难了,而是人心变质了。不是孩子更难教育,而是我们的见证与祷告出了问题。需要的不是财富的增加,而是信心的增加。再好的条件,如果父母不尽自己的责任,孩子就会出大问题。比如老以利的两个儿子何弗尼与非尼哈的例子。撒上2:12-4:22

亲自教养儿女自然是棘手与辛苦异常的,但就是这付出令我们懂得神对我们的爱,也提升了我们对孩子的爱。同时,让我们的属灵生命得以真正地成长。所以说,这是出于神的恩典与祝福。
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见证篇165.种族…

种族问题不只是一个文化议题,实质上更是一个“福音议题”。

提摩太·凯勒(Timothy Keller)牧师在《慷慨的正义》一书里提到,他当年在神学院读书的时候,认识了一位姓艾里斯(Ellis)的黑人同学。有一次,他们一起吃饭,艾里斯对凯勒说:“你知道吗,你是个种族主义者。嗯,你不是故意的,而且你不想这样,但你确实是。你不由自主……例如,当黑人用某种方式做事时,你会说‘嗯,那是你们的文化’,但当白人用某种方式做事时,你却会说‘这才是正确的做事方式啊’。你没有意识到自己也在一个文化中,你的很多想法和做法也是文化性的。” 

自私的基因

后来,艾里斯成为凯勒的好朋友。凯勒说艾里斯“满有恩慈而又直言不讳”,帮助他了解到美国文化中不公义的现实。凯勒认识到,在很多方面,我们每个人可能都是天生的种族主义者:我们以自己的文化观念判断其他事物的优劣,然后用它们来论断其他种族的人;于是,我们就会从心里觉得他们不如我们优秀,甚至比我们更低劣——虽然我们嘴上可能不会这么说。在思想、感情和行为上抬高某个(或某些)种族的价值,同时贬低其他种族的价值,这正是“种族主义”这个词的标准定义。瞧不起“非我族类”的种族主义,是人性中普遍存在、难以克服的通病。

种族主义的思想带来种族歧视的行为。在我们所处的社会中,各种歧视的存在非常广泛。但基于种族的歧视可能最普遍,也最可能以潜规则、制度化和结构化的形式表现、实施。当我们自己受到种族歧视,我们往往会很敏感,觉得很“伤害中国人民的感情”,但当我们歧视别人的时候,我们却很难自我察觉。很多时候,带有种族主义倾向的意识,也通过新媒体或娱乐节目潜移默化地广为传播。例如,今年春节期间的一个电视小品节目,主题是要宣传中国的崛起和非洲人民对中国的热爱,但内容引起很大的争议,因为里面有一个中国女演员涂黑了脸,扮演黑人大妈“给中国点赞”,边上还有一只猴子,是由一个非洲演员来演的。

在海外,有不少人评论说这是赤裸裸的种族主义表现,但是国内一些网友对此事的反应却似乎淡定得多。很多人认为,把批评上升到种族歧视的高度是小题大做,还有人说这是海外的人因为长期被“政治正确”洗脑,反应过于敏感了。

在欧美社会,确实存在“政治正确”走极端的情况,但如今反“政治正确”又矫枉过正,走向另一个极端。种族歧视死灰复燃,重新公开化,一些人甚至为种族主义辩解、张目。

有位知乎上的网友在专栏文章里说:“其实,我们每个人都可以算是种族主义者。”但他认为这是“非常自然”的事情,不需要否定、批判。他说:“我们每个人从内心深处,都会重视自己多于重视他人,重视与自己相近的人多于重视与自己迥异的人,这是由生存基因决定的人性。扩展到种族和民族的范围,形成了种族主义和民族主义,是非常自然的现象。这种判断有进化论和遗传学的科学依据,用牛津大学生物学家理查德·道金斯的话说,这反映出‘基因的自私性’”。他实际上是为种族主义做出了一个理性的辩护,而他的辩护是以自然主义进化论(无神论)为基础的。从这种自然主义的预设出发,种族主义似乎是很“科学”、很合理、无可厚非甚至有利于人类进步的。

上帝的形象

但是,这样的达尔文主义无神论思想是与基督信仰完全相悖的,因此基督徒不可能认同这样的辩护。按照基督信仰,不同种族的人都是上帝所造。因为人悖逆上帝后堕落,罪进入人性的深处。自私或自我中心是人的多种罪恶(sins)里面的一种,是被罪污染了的人性,而不是上帝造人本来就应该有的“自然”。

约翰·派博(John Piper)牧师指出,种族主义产生于骄傲,也是贪婪、恐惧和私欲的同伴。按照圣经,骄傲、贪婪、恐惧和私欲都是罪。在我们所处的时代,这些罪深植于社会、文化的娱乐、广告、商业、学术和党派政治之中,你我耳濡目染浸淫其中,心思意念很容易被它们塑造,因此我们很容易不自觉或“自然而然”地成为种族主义者。③

因此,基督徒反对种族主义,有基于我们信仰的原因。圣经说,每个人都是上帝按照他的形象所造(参《创世记》1:26),所以每个人都有一种独特性,都有上帝赋予他的价值与尊严。“上帝的形象”是不分等级、高低的。上帝要我们学习并知道,他造我们是要我们彼此照顾,应当尊重每一个人的尊严和价值。

尽管历史上曾经有基督徒滥用圣经为种族主义背书,但事实是,种族主义正与圣经的价值观相悖。美国历史上虽然也发生过种族主义,但上个世纪反种族主义的民权运动是以基督信仰(而不是无神论)为精神支柱的。实际上,种族平等也是“美国梦”的“初心”中很重要的一部分。美国的国父们深受圣经影响,因此他们的“美国梦”跟“上帝的形象”的神学概念紧密相联。

圣经里的犹太人很多都有非常强烈的民族自豪感,更因为自己是“上帝的选民”而瞧不起“外邦人”。但是上帝借着旧约先知的口告诉以色列人,他们蒙拣选,并不是因为他们比别的民族更公义(参申 9:5)。以色列人也是常常悖逆上帝的民族,因此他们成为没有人能靠守律法而得救的一个“样板”,也是从反面为基督福音作见证。

旧约和新约都强调“上帝不偏待人”(参罗2:11),他的爱普及万族。所以,种族主义是邪恶的。基督徒应该抵制一切形式的种族主义,包括用非暴力的方式跟制度性、结构性的种族主义作斗争。

福音是解药

整本圣经的总体思想,是上帝要借以色列民族赐福万国万民。上帝最终的心意是要全人类都蒙救赎、蒙恩典。基督带来的天国,或者说上帝的国度,是由因信称义的“各国、各族、各方、各民”(参启14:6)组成。基督福音是“上帝爱世人”的普世的“好消息”。因此,基督福音是超越种族、民族和国家的。在基督的教会里,因为相信基督,我们成为上帝的儿女,彼此成为弟兄姐妹,圣经说“并不分犹太人、希腊人、自主的、为奴的、或男或女”,因为我们“在基督耶稣里都成为一了”(参加 3:28)。

正因为如此,神学家、圣经学者D.A.卡森(D.A.Carson)认为,种族问题不只是一个文化议题,实质上更是一个“福音议题”:“上帝救赎的目的是通过十字架把不同语言、部落、民族和国家的男人和女人引向上帝自己,教会是新造的人类,由犹太人和外邦人组成……这一轨迹始于创造,因为所有的男人和女人都是按照上帝的形象被造;它向前瞻望上帝对亚伯拉罕的应许,就是地上万族都要因他的后裔蒙福。福音里的基督确保的拯救……为基督徒的社群带来悔改、灵命的健康和对弟兄姐妹的爱。”

因此我相信,反对种族主义不但符合圣经,而且必须建立在基督福音的根基之上才能“治本”,才能从根本上改变种族主义者的内心,而不是仅仅靠制度、文化或“政治正确”来压制种族主义的行为。

凯勒牧师在《慷慨的正义》里还提到另外一件事情。神学院毕业后,他到教会牧会,成为一名年轻的牧师。教会里有一个姓谢尔顿(Shelton)的弟兄。有一天,这位弟兄突然对凯勒牧师说:“你知道吗?我一直是一个种族主义者。”凯勒很惊讶,因为他还没有专门在教会讲过关于种族主义的问题。但这位弟兄听凯勒讲基督福音听多了,自己就明白了这一点。他跟凯勒说,以前他对生命的理解是道德主义式的,结果变成像法利赛人一样自以为义,瞧不起他人。但当他开始明白自己接受上帝的救恩是以耶稣那白白的、人不配承受的恩典为根基的时候,他的内心转变了。他离弃了自义,开始体会生命被更新后的温暖、喜乐和信心,他也因此意识到并离弃了自己心中的种族主义。

派博牧师在《血族》一书中说,耶稣基督的福音能够化解导致种族主义的那些罪,把人引向由不同种族和不同文化的人构成的上帝的国度。在基督里,不同种族的血脉都被同一个十字架上流出的宝血洗净。耶稣基督为我们流血舍命,也为我们复活,让我们成为上帝国度里的弟兄姐妹。基督福音是种族主义的解药,也只有基督福音能够化解种族主义的心魔。

我想到历史上一些令我们感动的宣教士的生命见证。宣教士就是一群克服、超越了“自私的基因”的人。他们本来可以享受世界的成功和优裕的生活,却背井离乡、远渡重洋,去到陌生的异国他乡,奉献自己的青春、精力甚至生命,去关爱、服侍那些卑微、弱势、残缺、被人视为“落后”的“非我族类”。这不是因为他们是“特殊材料(基因)制造的人”,而是因为基督福音改变了他们的生命,使他们能够跨越种族与文化的鸿沟,活出“爱人如己”的生命。

今天,仍然有千千万万生命被福音改变的基督徒,用行动做出同样的见证。无论是到非洲救援伊波拉病毒疫症的美国基督徒医生,还是到贵州苗寨支教、帮助少数民族儿童的中国基督徒教师,他们秉承的都是与宣教士同样的精神,他们共同见证了基督福音超越种族主义的大能。

是的,我们每个人都可能是一个种族主义者。靠我们自己,我们不但不能胜过种族主义,而且甚至根本意识不到它的存在。但基督福音可以翻转我们的价值观,颠覆我们内心的自义和骄傲,赐给我们新的生命,让我们成为一群不但免受种族主义病毒侵害,而且能够超越种族的藩篱,去关爱不同种族的人、向他们传福音的基督徒。

Testimony…

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Behind “Xiao Huanxi” lies the “heart crisis” of middle-aged people

The plot covers several types of mid-life crises. Fangyuan’s unemployment is a workplace crisis, Liu Jing’s cancer is a health crisis, and Qiao Weidong’s derailment is an emotional crisis. In fact, the midlife crisis is not a crisis of work, but a crisis of the heart. Work, marriage, and children, which were so strong in the first half, are no less exciting. Are you satisfied with your life? In middle age, crises expose why we live.

“Little Joy” is a hit drama this summer, and the topics triggered by the plot of the drama are frequently on the hot search list. Although the TV series tells about the different situations faced by the children of the three families in the college entrance examination, it actually reflects a phenomenon unique to middle-aged parents-the midlife crisis. The child is just a contact point that detonates the crisis.

In the play, Fang Yuan, played by Huang Lei, graduated from a prestigious university and was originally a veteran of a company. After the company’s merger and acquisition, he thought he was going to be promoted, but he was the only one in the company who was fired. At the age of 45, he was laid off. There were seniors and juniors in high school, and his wife was also demoted. Faced with the family’s living expenses and children’s education expenses, the stability and comfort that has always been shattered, Fang Yuan realized that he was at a loss, and finally broke down and cried.

The crises experienced by the three families can roughly summarize several types of midlife crises: career crisis (Fangyuan is unemployed), health crisis (Liu Jing suffers from cancer), economic crisis (Fangyuan’s parents were defrauded of 800,000 by pyramid schemes), emotional crisis (Qiao Weidong cheating). All these crises have one thing in common: fickleness. They are beyond our control. When problems arise, we discover that what we thought we could control is actually controlling us.

It is this kind of experience that resonates with many middle-aged parents. When a crisis like this strikes, can we get through it safely?
It’s either danger or a turnaround

The dramatic plots experienced by several families in the play can be called “triggering events”. For Fang Yuan, the sudden unemployment triggered his crisis; for Qiao Weidong and Song Qian, the divorce caused a crisis for the whole family;

The three families are initially unaware of neglected issues in their busy lives until a “trigger event” seems to open their eyes. What they experienced was not a bad thing, and they were given this window into a life they never had. What we can be sure of is that when we hit middle age, we are either in great danger or at a turning point in our lives.

When something is taken from us, people tend to become fearful, distressed, restless or discouraged. This reveals exactly what we really live for, what really rules us. Whether career, money, power, or love, when we believe that we can’t live without them, when these things disappear or let us down, we feel that life is also leaving us, and we have lost our way.

Maybe your eyes are full of your own children. When they leave the house, you feel like your life is over and you don’t know what to do with yourself. Children are the whole meaning of your life and the motivation to get up every morning, just like the single mother Song Qian in the play.

Once Yingzi broke down completely and ran to the beach to commit suicide. Until this time, Song Qian, who is a mother, was still asking: “Mom just doesn’t understand why you have to go to Nantah!” Yingzi cried: “I don’t want to go to Nantah, I just want to escape from you.” !” Yingzi said: “You are good enough for me. You cook for me every day, give me lessons, and take care of my life. I know that it is not easy for you. I think too much. I, I am not worthy of what you give me. my love!”

For Song Qian, her daughter Yingzi is everything to her. Even for the sake of her children, she can ignore her emotions. The food must be the healthiest, such as bird’s nest, sea cucumber, whatever is nutritious and what to do; learning must make a scientific plan, every second counts, and you must pay attention to and monitor the dynamic graph of the results; the child’s room must be soundproof, and blinds should be installed outside for easy observation. In Song Qian’s eyes, all of this is for the good of Yingzi, but Yingzi is overwhelmed by these pressures. Song Qian’s “love” for her daughter Yingzi suffocates Yingzi. In the name of great motherly love, Song Qian selfishly deprived the child of her freedom, because once the child became independent, she would have no way to deal with herself.

Maybe what you care about most is health or beauty, but the health and body shape of middle-aged people can no longer return to the best state they used to be. Perhaps the financial success and material comforts are so attractive to you that when they are lost, you become discouraged. There is also a possibility that the big house that you worked hard for in the first half of your life is still there, but the luxurious decoration and exquisite furniture can no longer attract your attention, and the high-end cars are no longer as impressive as when you just changed the car. You can’t put it down, and even your spouse has begun to tire you.

Qiao Weidong experienced such a crisis. As a big boss, he owns everything including a house and a car, a successful college romance, his wife is a teacher, and his daughter is a top student. But in middle age, Qiao Weidong began to be dissatisfied with life. He thinks that his wife controls him tightly, “just like managing his son”. Taking advantage of his wife’s suspicion of cheating on him, Qiao Weidong actually left. The reason was – he was bored. I used to think that he was a “good wife and mother, and everything is fine”, but in middle age, he looks beautiful on the surface, but he has unspeakable depression and difficulties in his heart. His wife’s thoughtfulness is gradually no longer a kind of sweetness to Qiao Weidong but the contrary. become a burden.

This is exactly one of the typical manifestations of a midlife crisis: dissatisfaction with life. Suddenly, you start looking around and you don’t like your life. Life becomes goalless, routine, and dull. You may experience constant boredom and disappointment. The bottom line is that you are dissatisfied with the life story you have lived through. This dissatisfaction is not necessarily for a specific thing, but a general dissatisfaction.

These grievances are often hovering in our hearts, and when there is no real hope of solving them, people are easily manipulated by the desires of the flesh. Qiao Weidong then felt that his wife could not satisfy him, leading to cheating. People will constantly look for substitutes in an attempt to satisfy themselves. Some people overeat when they can’t be satisfied, some people cope by getting what we normally perceive as satisfying, and some people become so numb to their pursuit of leisure or indulgence that they lose hope altogether.

Not a crisis of things, but a crisis of the heart

We are all easily seduced by power, success, acceptance, appreciation, possessions, status, respect, performance, control, and comfort. Paul Tripp, the founder of a well-known American psychological counseling ministry, believes that the midlife crisis is fundamentally rooted in inner idol worship, and these idols have a strong temptation.

There are often such temptations in the Christian life. When a crisis arises, we, like the Israelites at the foot of Mount Sinai, begin to dedicate ourselves to other things. Forged with human hands, the golden calf has no thoughts, no feelings, no strength, no life, just an inanimate object. In ways we don’t realize, we give up our trust in God and give our hearts to things we can see, hear, and touch.

These things became our plan B. We ask them to give us what only God can give. We wanted to create something that would give us meaning and purpose, a sense of identity and security. We want houses, cars, careers, experiences, and people to satisfy our hearts. These are very real in the play.

Disturbingly, the idols we worship in the Middle age are often revealed to be incapable of delivering on their promises. Think about it: the golden calf that the Israelites worshipped ended up being a disappointment. The same goes for anything created, they can never fill the void in our hearts. We become sad, angry, and frustrated when something we have always trusted, such as our body, career, family, etc., fails us.

It is important for us to recognize that the struggles of midlife are windows into deeper, more fundamental struggles. The most basic form of a midlife crisis is actually not a crisis of something, but a crisis of the heart.

Tripp believes that many people are in what they call a midlife crisis because they don’t know the source of their identity. They grieve not just because they’re getting old, or will never achieve their dreams, or for some other reason to regret, but because they identify with experiences, relationships, or successes.

“The more advice I give to those who lose their way in midlife, the more I become convinced that the question of identity is not only one of the most important themes in biblical storytelling, but an essential part of a midlife crisis,” says Tripp. We’ve been seduced by false identities that will always fail us. We think we know who we are, but suddenly it’s not. At this moment, we’re a lot like Adam, Eve, or wandering Israelites” .

Stop being seduced by false identities

Once we see our accomplishments as an identity, we become slaves to a constant stream of potential success. This means that our purpose in life comes from our talents and efforts, so we cannot say no or slow down. If it takes away our ability to work on our next success, we feel frustrated and annoyed. Fang Yuan is frustrated because the job of defining his worth has been taken away from him.

If we use children to define our identity like Song Qian, the children’s future success and rewards to their parents will become the driving force behind our lives. We live indirectly through our children as if their success is our success. When we need our children’s success to feel good about ourselves, we do everything we can to support their success. We tell ourselves it’s for them, but really, it’s for us. It is this layer that the Chinese are least willing to reveal.

We become suffocating, bossy, success-obsessed parents, but we turn a blind eye to it because we can always say it’s for the best of our kids. Finally came the day when our kids started leaving home for school, and work and we became overwhelmed. It is a loss of identity as if we are losing our reason for being alive.

We know identities shape our thinking, choices, and behaviors, but we have a hard time getting them right. This question is an important part of the midlife crisis. Here’s the point: When our definitions of who we are are derived from horizontal factors such as family, work, marriage, children, possessions, appearance, success, and position, we run into confusion and trouble. Because essentially man should define himself from the vertical relationship with the Creator.

Such was the case with David, king of Israel. All the efforts in the first half of his life were exchanged for the status of a prominent king. It is difficult for David not to focus his status on the crown. When the years of struggle came to an end and life entered the intermission, he wandered boredly on the platform of the palace and peeped at a beautiful woman taking a bath. He committed fornication, married another man’s wife, and arranged for the man’s murder. God did not let him continue to be lost, but let him see his own corruption in a crisis, and his status as a king could not save him. God rescued David from self-pride and lust so that he could stand up amidst disappointment, weakness, delusion, and temptation.

When David focused his identity on God above the sun, he was able to overcome difficult circumstances, even the betrayal of his own son. The third Psalm was written by David when he was fleeing from his son Absalom. When he faced a crisis in his life, he didn’t question whether it was worth all these years of obeying God. All David did was put himself in the hands of the Father again. He reminded himself that he was a child of God, “The Lord is my shield around me, my glory, and the lifter of my head.”

What we know about who we are can powerfully shape our responses to crises. Many people experience insomnia from middle age. David had every reason to go through nights of sadness and uneasiness. But again, he surprises us by not being an angry insomniac because he hasn’t lost his source of personal security, stability, and joy—the God who defines his identity. “When I lie down and sleep, and when I wake up, the LORD protects me. I am not afraid even if tens of thousands of people come around and attack me.”

David’s sense of security did not come from his status or property, but from his relationship with God. For God was his fountain of rest, and he could sleep in the wilderness as peacefully as in the palace. Even in moments of great grief, he can lie down and rest. David’s experience shows us that what people encounter in middle age is not that God wants you to go nowhere, but the pain of transformation necessary to welcome you into a new and better life. When we focus the meaning and value of our lives on God, our crisis will become a turning point.

Dr. Warren W. Wiersbe wrote: “Middle age? It’s just another stage in the abundant life that a loving Heavenly Father has in store for us. I want to keep growing… There is no growth without challenges, There is no challenge without change. When I was young, change was a joy; now, it often becomes a threat. But I need change—to experience more deeply, to hold firmly to that unshakable country.”

见证篇162.中年…

《小欢喜》背后,中年人的危机

剧情涵盖了中年危机的几种类型,方圆失业是职场危机,刘静患癌是健康危机,乔卫东出轨是情感危机。其实中年危机不是事情的危机,而是心的危机。上半场很给力的工作、婚姻、孩子,这时令人意兴阑珊。你对自己的人生满足吗?人到中年,危机暴露了我们为何而活。

《小欢喜》作为今年暑期的热播剧,剧中情节引发的话题频频上热搜榜。电视剧虽然讲述的是三家人的孩子面临高考的不同境遇,背后其实更反映了中年父母们特有的现象——中年危机。孩子不过是引爆危机的一个触点而已。

剧中,黄磊饰演的方圆,名牌大学毕业,原本是一家公司的元老。公司并购后,本以为要升职了,没想到全公司只有他一个人被辞退。45岁遭遇下岗,上有老、下有读高三的孩子,妻子也被降职。面对家庭的生活开销、孩子的教育支出,一直以来的稳定舒适被打破,方圆才发现自己竟然无所适从,最终崩溃大哭。

三个家庭所经历的危机大致上能够概括中年危机的几种类型:职业危机(方圆失业)、健康危机(刘静患癌)、经济危机(方圆父母被传销骗取80万)、情感危机(乔卫东出轨)。以上这些危机有一个共同的特点:变幻无常。它们都是我们难以控制的。当问题出现,我们才发现,原来我们认为自己能控制的东西,实际上却在控制着我们。

正是这样的经历,引起了众多中年父母们的共鸣。当类似的危机袭来,我们可以安全度过吗?

要么是危险,要么是转机

剧中几个家庭经历的戏剧化的情节,我们可称之为“触发事件”。对方圆来说,突然的失业触发了他的危机;对乔卫东和宋倩来说,离婚导致了整个家庭的危机;对季胜利来说,与孩子关系的破裂导致了危机。

三个家庭一开始没意识到在忙碌的生活中被忽视的问题,直到“触发事件”好像打开了他们的眼睛。他们所经历的并非坏事,他们得以通过这扇窗户进入自己从未有过的生活。我们可以肯定的是,当中年来临的时候,我们要么处在极大的危险中,要么处在人生的转机之中。

当一些东西从我们的手中被夺走时,人往往会变得恐惧、痛苦、不安或气馁。这恰恰暴露了我们真正为什么而活,究竟是什么事物在统治我们。无论事业、金钱、权力、爱情,当我们相信没有它们我们就无法生存,当这些事情消失或让我们失望的时候,我们就感觉生活也在离我们而去,我们已经迷失了方向。

也许你满眼都是自己的孩子。当他们离开家的时候,你觉得你的生活结束了,你不知道自己该怎么办。孩子就是你生活的全部意义,是你每天早上起床的动力,就像剧中的单亲妈妈宋倩一样。

有一次英子彻底奔溃,跑到海边准备自杀。直到这个时候,身为妈妈的宋倩还在追问:“妈妈只是不明白,不明白你为什么非要去上那个南大呀!”英子哭诉:“我不是非要去南大,我就是想要逃离你!”英子说:“你对我已经够好了,你每天给我做饭,给我上课,照顾我的生活。我知道你不容易,是我想太多,我,我配不上您给我的爱!”

对宋倩而言,女儿英子就是她的全部。甚至为了孩子,她可以忽略自己的喜怒哀乐。食品一定要最健康的,燕窝、海参,什么有营养做什么;学习要制定科学的计划,分秒必争,还要关注并监测成绩动态图;孩子的房间要隔音,还要在外边装上百叶窗便于观察。在宋倩眼里,这一切都是为了英子好,但是这些压得英子喘不过气。宋倩对女儿英子掌控的“爱”,让英子窒息。宋倩以伟大母爱之名,自私地剥夺了孩子的自由,因为一旦孩子独立,她就无以自处。

也许你最在意的是健康或者美貌,但中年人的健康和体型都已无法回到曾经的最佳状态。也许经济上的成功和物质上的安逸更能吸引你,以致于这些失去时,你就变得灰心不安。还有一种可能,你人生上半场拼搏得来的大房子还在,但豪华的装修、精致的家具已不再能吸引你的注意,高配置的汽车不再像刚换车的时候那样让你爱不释手,甚至连配偶也已经开始让你厌烦。

乔卫东经历的就是这样的危机。做大老板的他,房子车子样样有,大学恋情修成正果,妻子是老师,女儿是学霸。可人到中年,乔卫东却开始对生活不满。他嫌妻子管得紧,管自己“就像管儿子一样”。趁着妻子怀疑他出轨,乔卫东竟然一走了之,理由就是——嫌烦。从前觉得是“贤妻良母、事无巨细”,可人到中年,表面风光无限,内心却有说不出的压抑和苦衷,妻子的体贴对乔卫东来说渐渐不再是一种甜蜜,反倒成为负担。

这正是中年危机的典型表现之一:对生活的不满。突然,你开始环顾四周,你不喜欢你的生活。生活变得没有目标,例行公事,枯燥无味。你可能会经历持续不断的无聊、失望。最根本的是你对你经历的人生故事感到不满足。这种不满并不一定是针对某件特定的事情,而是一种普遍的不满情绪。

这些不满常在我们的内心盘旋,又找不到真正的解决希望时,人很容易被肉体的欲望操纵。乔卫东于是觉得妻子满足不了他,导致出轨。人会不断地寻找替代品企图满足自己。有些人在无法满足的时候会暴饮暴食,有些人会通过获得我们通常认为能让自己满意的东西来应对,也有一些人过度追求休闲或放纵来麻木自己,彻底失去了希望。

不是事情的危机,而是心的危机

我们都很容易被权力、成功、接纳、欣赏、财产、地位、尊重、表现、控制、舒适所诱惑。美国著名心理辅导事工机构创办人保罗·区普认为,中年危机从根本上根源于内心的偶像崇拜,这些偶像有着强大的诱惑力。

基督徒的生活也常会有这样的试探。当危机出现时,我们像以色列人在西奈山脚下一样,我们开始把自己奉献给其他事物。金牛犊是用人手打造的,它没有思想,没有感情,没有力量,也没有生命,只是一个无生命的物体。我们以自己没有意识到的方式,放弃了对神的信靠,将我们的心献给那些我们能够看到、听到、触摸到的事物。

这些事情成了我们的B计划。我们求它们给我们只有神才能给的东西。我们希望创造一些东西,能够给我们带来意义和目的,带来一种认同感和安全感。我们希望房子、汽车、事业、经历和人能满足我们的心。这些在剧中都有很真实的体现。

令人不安的是,人到中年时我们所崇拜的偶像时常暴露出它们根本无法兑现自己的承诺。想想看:以色列人所膜拜的金牛犊最终只会让人失望。任何被造的也是如此,它们永远无法填补我们心中的空虚。当我们一直信任的东西,例如身体、事业、家庭等,辜负了我们,我们就会变得悲伤、愤怒、沮丧。

对我们来说,重要的是要认识到,中年时期的挣扎是通向更深层次、更根本的挣扎的窗口。中年危机最基本的形式其实不是某件事情的危机,而是心的危机。

区普认为,有很多人处于所谓的中年危机,是因为他们不知道自己身份认同的来源。他们悲伤,并不仅仅是因为他们渐渐老了,或者永远不会实现他们的梦想,或者其他后悔的理由,而是因为他们把经历、人际关系或成功当作自己的身份。

区普说:“我向那些在中年迷失方向的人提供的建议越多,我就越相信,身份问题不仅是圣经故事中最重要的主题之一,也是中年危机的一个重要组成部分。我们一直被虚假的身份所诱惑,这将永远让我们失望。我们以为我们知道自己是谁,但突然之间就不清楚了。在这一刻,我们很像亚当、夏娃,或流浪的以色列人”。

别再被虚假的身份所诱惑

一旦我们把自己的成就视为一种身份,我们就会成为源源不断的潜在成功的奴隶。这意味着我们人生的目的来自于自己的才能和努力,所以我们不能说不,也不能慢下来。如果剥夺了我们为下一次成功而努力的能力,我们就会感到沮丧和懊恼。方圆感到沮丧,因为定义他价值的工作已经从他手中被夺走了。

如果我们像宋倩一样用孩子来定义自己的身份,孩子将来的成功以及对父母的回报就会成为我们生活的原动力。我们通过孩子间接地生活,仿佛子女的成功就是我们的成功。当我们需要孩子的成功来让自己感觉良好时,我们会尽一切可能支持他们获得成功。我们告诉自己,这是为了他们,但实际上,这是为了我们。中国人最不愿意说破的就是这一层。

我们变成了令人窒息、专横跋扈、痴迷于成功的父母,但我们对此却视而不见,因为我们总是能说这是为了孩子好。终于有一天,当我们的孩子开始离家上学、工作,我们变得不知所措。这是一种身份的丧失,仿佛我们正失去活着的理由。

我们知道身份会影响我们的思维、选择和行为,但我们很难正确地获得身份。这个问题是中年危机的重要组成部分。关键在于:当我们对自己身份的定义来自横向的因素,例如家庭、工作、婚姻、孩子、财产、外貌、成功、职位,我们就会遇到困惑和麻烦。因为本质上人应该从与造物主的纵向关系中定义自己。

以色列的国王大卫就是如此。当前半生的一切努力换回一个显赫的国王身份,大卫很难不把他的身份聚焦在王冠上。当多年的奋斗告一段落,人生进入中场休息时分,他百无聊赖地在王宫的平台上闲逛,偷窥到一个美貌的女子在洗澡。他犯下淫乱罪,娶了另一个男人的妻子,并安排谋杀了这个男人。上帝没有任他继续迷失,而是让他在危机里看到自己的败坏,他的国王身份不能救他。神把大卫从自我的骄傲和情欲中拯救出来,使他能在失望、软弱、迷惑和诱惑下站立起来。

当大卫把自己的身份聚焦在日光之上的神时,就能胜过艰苦困难的环境,甚至是亲生儿子的背叛。《诗篇》第3篇就是大卫在逃避他的儿子押沙龙时所写的。当他面对自己人生的危机时,他没有怀疑这么多年来顺服神是否值得。大卫所做的就是再次把自己放在天父的手中。他提醒自己,他是神的孩子,“耶和华是我四围的盾牌,是我的荣耀,又是叫我抬起头来的。”

我们对自己身份的认识,能够有力地塑造我们面对危机时的反应。许多人就是从中年开始体会失眠的滋味的。大卫实在是有理由度过一个个充满悲伤、不安的夜晚。但是他再次让我们感到惊讶,他不是一个愤怒的失眠症患者,因为他没有失去个人安全、稳定和喜乐的源头——那位能定义他身份的神。“我躺下睡觉,我醒着,耶和华都保佑我。虽有成万的百姓来周围攻击我,我也不怕。”

大卫的安全感不是来自地位、财产,而是来自他与神的关系。因为神是他安息的泉源,他可以像在王宫里一样,在旷野安然入睡。即使极度悲痛的时刻,他也能躺下来休息。大卫的经历让我们看到,人在中年时所遭遇的并不是上帝要你走投无路,而是欢迎你进入新的更美好生命所必须的蜕变的阵痛。当我们把自己活着的意义和价值聚焦在神里面时,我们的危机就会成为转机。

威尔斯比(Warren W. Wiersbe)博士写道:“中年?这只是一位慈爱的天父为我们预备的丰盛人生中的又一个阶段。我想继续成长……没有挑战就没有成长,没有变化就没有挑战。我年轻的时候,变化是一种享受;现在,它往往成为一种威胁。但我需要改变——更深入地经历、牢牢地把握那个不可动摇的国度。”

Testimony…

  Listen for 7 min

“God loves reluctant leaders”, no leader volunteers to stand before God, because reluctant leaders are not easily tempted by power, pride, and ambition. They know the truth about leadership, they must sacrifice themselves, they must be broken, so if it is for their own comfort, they resolutely refuse.

A friend has participated in a training on successful learning. In one class, one person sits in the middle, and other students form a circle, criticizing a certain point of view or practice of the middleman with various negative words such as belittling, scolding, and ridiculing. It is said that this can exercise people’s “psychological endurance”. Others let practitioners go to the streets to beg, and then send the money from begging to nursing homes.

Many of the most popular books in the market are about how to be successful and how to manage. Open it and look at it, remove the superficial layer of fashionable new terms, and some hidden values ​​are as decadent as Qin Shihuang’s policy program. Those who believe that “a man should be cruel to himself” and endure the unbearable in order to succeed are just modern copies of Han Fei, Li Si, Qin Shihuang, and others who believe that human nature is evil and fanatically pursue success. The most explicit expression is Ma Yun’s sentence: When you are successful, everything you say is the truth.

From the perspective of psychoanalysis, a psychologist believes that there is often a kind of “inferiority” hidden behind such a strong motivation for success in Legalism. They are very confident on the surface, but in fact, this kind of self-confidence is just a compensatory psychology caused by their distrust of others. These people are not lacking in ability, but from a mental health point of view, they are often the most unhealthy people. The methods they use to manage the team are nothing more than the old three of “law, art, and power”-the law of rewards and punishments, the art of deception, and status and power.

Is this the truth about Chinese management and leadership?

In recent years, some high-end training often talks about Jewish wisdom. In history, there was a great Jewish leader—Moses. His life as a leader is exactly in contrast to many phenomena in Chinese culture.

Be a leader as a “nurturing father”

The “Bible’s Old Testament” records another ancient nation in the east – the outstanding leader among the Israelites, and Moses is one of the most respected. He received the mission from God to lead the men, women, and children of the entire Jewish nation to escape from Egypt, make a strategic shift, and enter the land of Canaan.

The “Bible” does not beautify the various unbearable behaviors of the compatriots he led. Whenever they encountered a little difficulty, they wanted to run back to Egypt and continue to be slaves. They ate Egyptian meat pots, cucumbers, and leeks, which tasted similar to Chinese people. And he was able to lead such a large group of “unscrupulous” subordinates, endure their complaints, forgives their offenses, and pray for God’s grace and mercy for them, not just a day or two, but forty years!

In the end, because they were irritated by their disappointment, they were forbidden by God to enter Canaan, which was close at hand.

According to the records of the Old Testament, Moses’ life was divided into three stages: the first forty years because he was adopted by the princess of the Egyptian Pharaoh and became the prince of Egypt; years as a shepherd; the last forty years as a leader leading the Israelites out of Egypt.

But behind Moses’ halo, we hear him complaining to God about his own suffering as a leader: “Why did you treat your servant so hard, why didn’t I find favor in your eyes, and put this burden of government over my people on me? Was these people my womb, was it my birth? You said to me, ‘Take them up in your arms like a foster father with a suckling child until you have sworn to give them go to the land of our ancestors’… The responsibility of managing this person is too heavy for me to bear alone. If you treat me like this, if I find favor in your eyes, please kill me immediately, and don’t let me see my own misery .”

The prayer in which Moses poured out his heart to God under extreme pressure revealed a detail, that is, God required Moses as a leader to be responsible for the lives of the led like a father, “like a nurturing father”. It can be seen that an important characteristic of a leader is to be like a mature father.

I often think, if the leaders of all major units are people who have really raised children, have seen how difficult life growth is, and as long as they work hard, they will really see the results. Wouldn’t it be possible to avoid many mistakes of eagerness for quick success and instant benefit, harsh criticism, and suppression? Woolen cloth?

But who was Moses’ father? The literature of the Israelites records only that he was a Levite named “Amram”. Because of the experience of being abandoned, his family life is incomplete and deformed. Although his biological mother was taken to the palace by the princess who adopted him to be his wet nurse, his father figure is undoubtedly missing. This negative influence is a big challenge for him to become a leader in the future.

During his forty years as a prince, Moses “learned all the knowledge of the Egyptians, and was able to speak and act.” He is also full of self-confidence, feeling that “I can” in everything, and sometimes it is obviously his own blood, and he thinks that he is doing justice for the sky and resisting the persecution of Pharaoh.

Moses originally thought that with his status and ability, if he called out from the heights, there would be crowds of people responding. But his assumption was completely wrong. When he went to mediate the disputes among his compatriots, they questioned his qualifications, “Who made you our leader and judge?” An Egyptian’s “criminal record”.

The absence of his father made him unaware that the authority of a leader, just like his father’s authority at home, needs to be established with long-term love. Propaganda, corporate culture, and promulgation of laws and regulations will not play any essential role. Before Moses established the prestige of leadership, he took it for granted that he could lead and exercise leadership by gift and blood, which naturally caused a backlash and failure was inevitable.

To be a leader is to realize your own incompetence
There is a Weibo joke on Xinhuanet: Recently, the abilities of some leaders in various places have been greatly improved: some can hold umbrellas by themselves, some can open doors by themselves, some can carry bags by themselves, some can hold water glasses by themselves, some I actually wrote the speech myself… In fact, the people’s expectations for leaders are not very high, as long as they can take care of themselves basically!

Comparing the so-called leadership in the above situation, it is not difficult to understand why God valued Moses. Although Moses’ method of seeing injustice was inappropriate, his motivation was what God valued: He saw the responsibility that he could do in the needs and mistakes of others. This is the most important quality of a leader – willingness to take responsibility and willingness to give. He never lost his sense of responsibility and courage, even when he fled to Midian and saw the seven daughters of the local priest being bullied, he still stood up to help.

Moses was exiled to Midian and made a living by herding sheep. In the second forty years of his life, God spent time and space in the wilderness to hone this self-righteous prince until he realized his own impotence-“Who am I to go to Pharaoh and destroy Israel? brought it out of Egypt?”

In order for Moses to lead others, he had to suffer through his own lack of leadership skills. He first had to deal with his own feelings of powerlessness and unwantedness, doubts that the Israelites would listen to him, and pained by his clumsy tongue.
But Moses’ self-doubt did not prevent God from giving him the task of leadership. We have found a very thought-provoking phenomenon in the history of the Jews, that is, God only chooses those who are unwilling to be leaders.

American scholar Allen De came to a wise conclusion in the book “The Faltering Leader”, “God likes reluctant leaders”. No leader volunteers to stand before God because reluctant leaders are not easily affected by The allure of power, pride, and ambition. They know the truth about leadership, they must deny themselves, and they must be broken. Therefore, if it is for their own comfort, they resolutely refuse. They don’t aspire to be bigger, better, and more, and they don’t think it’s okay to “make it happen” and ask others to bleed for their ideals.

Aiming at Moses’ impulsive and fleshly weaknesses exposed when he was young, God let him work with sheep every day, grinding him bit by bit. As for the practice of family life, I think it also helped him a lot. Perhaps he discovered that the first person to challenge his authority as a leader and test his forbearance was none other than his wife and children. If he could not lead them well, How could he lead millions of Israelites?

This was very important to Moses. On the surface, he won a marriage for himself because he saved the daughter of the priest of Midian. In fact, this family saved him, especially the father-in-law a father who provided him with the same-sex affirmation and acceptance that are necessary for the growth of a man. Moses learned to be a husband, a father, and a shepherd during this time. Later, his father-in-law also became his management consultant when he was the leader, and gave him suggestions on building a team through authorization and avoiding authoritarianism. There is a mature father figure to assist, which helps Moses avoid many detours.

Interestingly, Confucius and Mencius, the founders of Confucianism who had the greatest impact on Chinese culture, lost their father at the age of three, while Mencius lost his father at the age of two. They also lacked a father’s role model in their growth experience.

Scholar Zhu Jianjun wrote in “China’s Human Heart and Culture” that his father’s early death prevented Confucius from having the opportunity to understand that a real father always has both advantages and disadvantages. The father in fantasy can be perfect, and Confucius often dreamed of the Duke of Zhou. In the mind of the son, this father can almost be a god. Confucius then had the same fantasy about the king, hoping and believing that the king would love his subjects like a kind father loves his children.

But the best fathers are not gods, and the best leaders are also people who make mistakes. This seems to be common sense, but it is not easy for someone who grew up in a family without a father figure to understand. The disadvantage of the result is that the Confucian culture lacks an effective restraint mechanism for the possible problems of the king. Too idealistic about the “monarch father”, with too much expectation and too little precaution, causing the people of the country to be injured repeatedly.
To whom does the leader’s psychological garbage go?

In the third forty years of his life, Moses realized that no matter whether he thought he was a thorn or dross or was despised by the world or rejected by his fellow countrymen, as long as he was willing, God would add His own power to him who was weak. He knew he was relying on God, who made him a leader.

Jack Welch, the former CEO of General Electric Company in the United States, had a classic summary of what a leader is. In his view, a leader should have a vision and make the team share his vision, be full of energy and infect the passion of the whole team, and should dare to try challenging tasks and make difficult but meaningful decisions. This definition is like it was made for Moses, except that Moses’ vision came from God.
Therefore, when the Israelites fought against their enemies, Moses did not choose to take the lead but went up the mountain to call on God for the people. He correctly maintained the relationship with God, and he knew that only the power of God could help the people to win, instead of being brave and rushing into the fighting team to win the applause of the crowd for a while.

Some economists believe that there is a transactional relationship between leaders and the masses. People ceded control to their leaders and expected rewards from their leaders: when danger and persecution came, they expected the leader to be the one who could take the risk for everyone. Once they doubted their rewards, the leader would not be popular.

Therefore, whenever there is discomfort, people will resent and rebel. Moses even encountered the jealousy and slander of his relatives and assistants Aaron and Miriam, as well as the rebellion of Korah’s party. His handling was “exceedingly humble, more than any man in the world.”

By constantly turning to God, Moses poured out his inner negative feelings to God, not being infected by it, and even collapsed before God, and then returned to the people. It wasn’t that Moses was strong psychologically, but that his relationship with God enabled him to go before God at any time to unload his burden and regain his strength. Think about Jobs, he regarded the employees of the Apple empire as his “subjects”, vented his dissatisfaction at will, and spoke harshly. It is hard to expect such a man to be competent for the role of father, so I saw media reports that he could not accept himself before his death His own daughter is not surprising.

In addition, Moses was able to handle his aggressive personality well. In fact, everyone has a more or less aggressive character in their hearts. Whether a man can become a mature man or become a yes answerer often depends on whether he can handle an aggressive personality well. This kind of aggressiveness was manifested in his killing when he was young, and although he was gentle and humble afterward, he still sometimes had a violent temper.

He broke the tablets of the law, wrestled and accused God when he was talking to God, and never gave up easily. Aggression also helps him persevere in reaching his goals without giving up. Moses often climbed the mountain alone and retreated on the mountain. These exercises helped him deal with and properly use his aggressive personality and became a source of strength for God. If Moses tried to defuse his aggressiveness by constantly finding new enemies or launching new movements for the group he led, it would undoubtedly lead to disaster for the Jewish nation.

Although Moses was reused, mistakes were inevitable. He was stirred up at Kadesh by the people asking for water, and he did not sanctify God and suffered loss himself. He accepts his dark side flares up. Only those who allow themselves to make mistakes will allow others to make mistakes, truly accept others, and lead a good team. Moses paid the price of not being able to enter the Promised Land, but he never complained about why God was so strict with him. There are powerful enemies or persecutions outside, which will never be an excuse for a godly leader to let go of his own sins. Because he is the leader, a little pride in the leader will encourage the whole country to flatter.

Moses was not born to be a leader. His first attempt at leadership failed miserably and he was forced into exile for forty years, which shadowed his leadership nightmare. The good thing is that God never uses a great man, but a man who preaches a great God. In the process of co-working with God, his character was re-established, showing excellent leadership qualities and leadership skills.

The “Bible” truly records the strengths, weaknesses, and mistakes of every great figure in the history of Israel. It can be said that it is a book that records the truth about leaders. In some whitewashed cultures, the truth of the leader is the most hidden part, and people are deceived and deceived. Maybe people don’t like it, so when more than 2,000 employees from different companies were asked to list the leadership qualities they valued most, integrity and honesty ranked first, followed by competence.

Companies in the world are still like this, and faith groups should introspect themselves.

Testimony…

 Listen for 7 min

When the pastors and singers who stand in the center of the stage become dazzling leaders with their talents, they are not praising a Savior, but just looking for an audience; they are not loving God, but thinking of God when they speak or sing. time issue. The greatest danger is not outside, but we must see clearly the tendency of “faith derailment” in ourselves, just like the Israelites who easily deviate from God.

“Apostasy” has been a hot topic among Christians for the past few weeks. A few weeks ago, Joshua Harris, author of the best-selling book “Dating No More” and former senior pastor of the megachurch Covenant Life Church in Maryland, USA, just posted a message on his personal social networking site Instagram, announcing that Divorced his wife and declared himself no longer a Christian.

Shortly thereafter, Hillsong Church worship singer and music writer Marty Sampson posted on Instagram, declaring that “I’ve literally lost my faith.” The Hillsong worship singer who has been in the Hillsong Choir since she was 16 years old has composed many familiar gospel hymns, such as “All I Need Is You” and “Forever”.

He raised many questions: “Why do many pastors fall? Why is the Bible full of contradictions? Why does God love the world but send 4 billion people to hell because they don’t believe in God?” No one discussed this, and no one told him the answer . He added that a Christian can be the most judgmental person on the planet, but he can also be the most beautiful and caring person, but none of that is for him. He still longs for truth, but he thinks it’s not just God’s version of truth.

In an updated version of his clarification on Aug. 13, Sampson said that while he hadn’t “renounced” his Christian faith, it was still in a “shaky state.” Sampson disclosed: “I have been continually analyzing the arguments of prominent Christian apologists and biblical scholars, opening my mind to the comments of atheists and other religions. If the truth is true, no matter how I interpret it, it is not It will go bad; if I find it, it will definitely be clearer to see it’s real. Examining the diamond closely will reveal the quality of the diamond. As long as I’m alive, I’ll keep learning.”

Marty Sampson – Why do young people give up their faith?

All of a sudden, many pastors and scholars stood up and spoke. Because Hillsong’s music worship is too famous. As the most popular contemporary Christian band, Hillsong has won several awards, not only has a wide influence in the Lord, 50 million people sing their songs every Sunday, and has successfully entered the mainstream music circle, selling more than 16 million copies record. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to say that Sampson’s statement “shocked hundreds of millions of people”.

Apologetist Michael Brown said he prayed for Sampson that he would sincerely seek the truth “with humility and zeal, with a heart of integrity. All people with problems should put their problems to rest.” Come out. . . . Don’t just look at the surface, be sure to seek God first. Let’s pray that Sampson will be turned and restored.”

Ken Ham, the founding CEO of Answers in Genesis, another apologetics organization, said of Sampson on Twitter that this is a reminder for the church and Christian parents. Sadly, “young people are taught by church leaders to believe that the death, pain, and sickness we see today has persisted for millions of years and is God’s fault. But death, sickness, and pain are the result of man’s sin as a result of.”

John Cooper, also a gospel singer, said that Sampson thought he was the only one asking these questions, when in fact “the church has been arguing about it for over 1,500 years, and books on similar topics have sold hundreds of millions.  … We’re in danger when the church uses a worship singer in his 20s as a source of some truth. Singers aren’t the best people to write with solid biblical truth and relevant doctrine.”

In fact, the doubts about Hillsong worship music have long been heard in the Lord. The “New York Times” mentioned in a music review in 2014 that traditional evangelical churches in the United States believe that Hillsong’s theology is weak, and that it is a new version of prosperity theology for young people and so on. However, the criticism of Hillsong’s innovative worship style should not prevent us from deeply reflecting on why the church cannot attract young people. Everyone is flocking to Hillsong?

Prominent Christian author Drew Dyck expressed “sadness” over Sampson’s statement. He once analyzed in the book that in the 1980s, business thinking swept the church and changed the missionary methods of many churches in North America. Youth ministry has been most affected. Instead of focusing on making disciples, the church focuses on how to attract and keep a lot of kids happy. It may have been well-intentioned, but it had unintended consequences. Today, youth ministries in many churches have effectively been reduced to using violent video game parties on Friday nights to draw students in.

Someone described youth fellowships at most churches as “holding a plate full of pizza.” Why, Dyke asked, do so many kids who were active in youth groups leave the faith? His answer was simple: “Let’s face it, there are a lot more fun things to do in college than eat pizza.”

Dyke refers to a class of people who leave their faith as “moral rebels.” Beneath their rebellious tendencies is a strong desire for adventure and purpose. They are usually the kind of people who have an irrepressible desire to live life to the fullest, even if it means taking risks. Unfortunately, when people show them a gospel that is risk-free, sacrifice-free, risk-free, diluted, and unworthy of their offerings, they will seek to satisfy their desires in other ways.

Jim Rayburn, founder of Young Living, said, “Somehow we thought we could water down the gospel and make it more accessible to young people. But it turns out they’re choking on our concoction. They don’t want trendy slogans, they don’t want pizza and video games. They want the naked truth, they want change and life. They want a truth they live for and die for. In other words, they want the real Gospel.”

The elders do have the right to speak in the church, and they can ask the new generation to sit in the chairs of the church and sing traditional hymns with them from beginning to end. What they need to be reminded is, in order to gain the younger generation, are they willing to sacrifice themselves and take the initiative to approach young people across the generation gap in terms of aesthetic taste? Have they tried their best to “give the best to God” musically?

And in a superficial Christian culture sweeping the contemporary age, sacrifice and suffering are less and less mentioned, and the sense of self is paid more attention to. Gospel bands with a new style of worship are undoubtedly more willing to be close to young people in terms of musical tastes, but they have to go back to the root problem: the center of worship is not human aesthetic enjoyment. Music can serve people’s feelings, but feelings are not God.

Joshua Harris – The greatest threat is within us

Both Joshua Harris and Marty Sampson came from megachurches with different denominational backgrounds, and many of Harris’ fans were once Hillsong’s most ardent critics. Recently they are often discussed together by the media.

As an important member of the YRR (Young Reformed Movement) in the United States, before Harris announced his departure from the Christian faith, there had been many news stories about youth leaders being forced to leave their posts in this movement. An article published on the website of the “Gospel Coalition” listed the reflections of several American pastors: The reason for this phenomenon is that these gifted young brothers were too quickly put in the spotlight.

Not long ago, there was a video on Youtube titled “How l lost faith in the mega-church” (How l lost faith in the mega-church). The autobiography of a couple who are also worship leaders of mega-churches exposes the problems that are prone to occur in this kind of church pastoral care. In the center of the huge stage, in order to attract more people’s attention, some gifted and enthusiastic young shepherds and musicians became eye-catching stars by virtue of their talents, until one day, they were raised to the point where Satan was enough to Use their breaches to cause more people to fall or be frustrated. No matter what denomination you are in, the number, effect, and applause always try to become the center of Sunday worship. This is the time when we should be most vigilant.

Bob Kauflin, also a worship leader, has also been “shaky” in his nearly three decades of service, having struggled with depression and anxiety for three years. After constant prayer, Bible reading, and reflection, he discovered that the root of the problem was that his worship was in the wrong direction. False worship is idolatry, where man seeks satisfaction in something other than God, seeks praise for his accomplishments, and is not praising a Savior, but merely seeking an audience. “My world fell apart when I couldn’t get the glory I craved”.

He thinks one of the things that is so bad right now is that worship is generally considered to be something we do only when we sing and is seen by many young people as an emotional experience driven by music, pursuing their own religious experience, and belonging in singing. spiritual experience, not Jesus. Music is part of worshiping God, but it was never at the heart of worshiping God. “A true worshiper doesn’t just think of God, but loves God,” he reminded.

If we sing the song of promise while committing unrepentant sin in the hope of impressing others or “fooling” God with our spirituality and talents, we are hypocrites, no different than unbelievers. We need to go to the foot of the cross so that we can experience the fruit of repentance.

Someone who has written a best-selling book, won a gospel music award, and preached all over the world does not guarantee that he is a true believer. These recent examples are not the first in Christian history, nor will they be the last. When we see those who stray from their faith, we must understand that they are no different from us, we all have a tendency to “faith stray”. But God in His mercy continually draws us and renews our love for Him. When we see those who have left the faith, we are compelled to repent with awe and humility.

In fact, the greatest challenge is not any dark forces gathering outside the church walls. On the contrary, the greatest danger to Christianity is precisely the Christians. Not what happened outside, but ourselves. It is a natural tendency, just like the people of Israel, to stray from God and lose our first love. The greatest threat to Israel was not the Philistines or the Babylonians, but their deadly tendency to abandon the Lord God. We, too, tend to preach Christianity without the cross, thereby disempowering the gospel and making it less attractive to follow God.

“It’s not too late to come back, my arms are still open”

Since the Christian’s way of life is the way of faith, it will inevitably encounter various dangers. These dangers threaten to destroy us and plunge us into the abyss of unbelief, apostasy, and death. But God has given us the assurance of salvation. The method God uses to protect us is faith, but our faith must be tested. The trials we face, the hardships and hardships in the world, the temptation of the flesh, and the temptation of the devil, all tempt us to give up our faith all the time. As the apostle Peter said, it is through the testing of faith that we gain true faith, which is more precious than gold.

This truth was especially precious to Peter. Before Jesus was betrayed, he said to Peter, “Simon! Simon! Satan wants to have you so that he can sift you like wheat; but I have prayed for you so that your faith will not fail. When you turn back, you must Strengthen your brother.” Jesus’ prayer was that Peter’s faith should not be completely lost. And who lived through that dreadful night, who brought Peter back from the precipice of unbelief, and made him shed tears of remorse? It was the power of God who preserved and strengthened Peter’s faith, just as He continues to strengthen His beloved children today.

Robert Peterson tells an inspiring story in his book Our Safe Salvation. When a brother named Paul was studying in seminary, something terrible happened in the church he was in. An elder had an affair with another elder’s wife. They carefully prepared a detailed elopement plan, including mailing resignation letters to the church.

But they seriously underestimated two things: the love of the church brothers and sisters for the Lord and for them. On Sunday the sad news was announced to the congregation, and people wept and prayed publicly for the couple’s crime and their devastated family. Church leaders and believers gathered around the two wounded families and openly admitted that adultery was on their minds. The awe of God’s holiness is like that of the believers in the early church in the book of Acts.

The Church promises not to abandon the erring pair. The church reached out to them and assured them that the congregation would not stop praying for them. At first, the elopement couple hoped the words were empty clichés, but time proved that the church’s love for them was genuine. Many prayer meetings are scheduled at different times of the day and night. After months of prayer and many gentle touches with them, God finally broke in. The congregation cheered when the pastor announced that the couple had repented and wanted to return. The pastor went on to say that both parties are currently ashamed to face family and church members. After weeks of counseling, the two families were reunited and they both returned to church. Brothers and sisters welcome repentant men and women with outstretched arms and weeping with joy.

From it, we can see God’s love for the church and his unrelenting love for each of His chosen people, just as a shepherd will try his best to save the lost sheep. The arm of the Good Shepherd is not over the precipice but over the rough and terrible cross. It is there that the Good Shepherd issues his most sincere invitation, even to those who reject him. He seems to be saying, “It’s not too late to come back, my arms are still open.” Welcome every prodigal son home to the joy of worship and His everlasting love.

见证篇161.信仰…

当站在舞台中央的牧者、歌手凭才华成为耀眼的领袖,不是在赞美一位救主,而只是在寻找一位听众;不是在爱神,而只是在演讲或唱歌时想到神,跌倒只是时间问题。最大的危险不在外面,而是我们必须看清自己里面“信仰出轨”的倾向,就像以色列民一样容易偏离神。

在过去的几周里,“背教”一直是基督徒的热门话题。几周前,畅销书《不再约会》的作者、美国马里兰州巨型教会圣约生命教会的前主任牧师约书亚·哈里斯(Joshua Harris)刚刚在个人社交网站Instagram上发了一条消息,宣布与妻子离婚,宣称自己不再是基督徒。

之后不久,新颂教会(Hillsong Church)的敬拜团歌手、音乐作家马帝·桑普森(Marty Sampson)在Instagram上发文,宣布“我真的失去了信仰”。这位16岁起就在新颂赞美诗班的敬拜歌手,创作了许多耳熟能详的福音诗歌,诸如 “All I Need Is You”、“Forever”。

他提出多项质疑:“为什么很多牧师堕落?为什么圣经充满矛盾?为什么神爱世人但竟然将40亿人送到地狱,原因只是他们不相信神?”这一切没有人讨论,没有人告诉他答案。他又说,基督徒可以成为在这个星球上最爱论断的人,但也可以成为最美丽和有爱心的人,不过这一切都不适合他。他仍渴望真理,但他认为真理不单只有上帝的版本。

8月13日,在最新版本的澄清声明中,桑普森说,虽然他还未“放弃”基督信仰,仍已经处在“摇摇欲坠”的状态。桑普森披露:“我已经在持续地分析著名基督教护教者与圣经学者的论点,敞开心去思考无神论者及其他宗教的评论。如果真理是真的,无论我如何解释它,它都不会变质;如果我找到它,肯定会更清楚地看见这是真实的。仔细检查钻石,能发现钻石的质量。只要我还活着,我会持续学习。”

马帝·桑普森

年轻人为何放弃信仰?

一时间,多位牧师、学者站出来发言。因为新颂的音乐敬拜实在太有名了。作为当代最受欢迎的基督教乐队,新颂几度获奖,不但在主内影响广泛,每个主日有5000万人在唱他们的歌,并且成功进入了主流音乐圈,卖出超过1600万张唱片。因此说桑普森的声明“惊呆了上亿人”,一点也不夸张。

护教学家迈克尔・布朗(Michael Brown)表示,他为桑普森祈祷,希望他能“带着谦卑和热忱,以一颗正直的内心去真诚寻求真理。所有有问题的人都应该把问题摆出来。……不要只看表面上的东西,一定要首先来寻求神。让我们祈祷桑普森能够回转、被恢复。”

另一个护教学组织Answers in Genesis 的创始CEO肯·汉姆(Ken Ham)在Twitter上谈及桑普森时认为,这对教会和基督徒父母是个提醒。可悲的是,“年轻人受教会领袖的教导影响,相信现今所见的死亡、痛苦、疾病已持续数百万年,都是神的错。但死亡、疾病、痛苦是人的罪带来的后果。”

同样作为福音乐队歌手的约翰·库珀(John Cooper)说,桑普森以为这些问题只有他在问,其实“教会已经为此争论了1500多年,类似主题的书有上亿销量。当教会把20多岁的敬拜歌手当作某些真理的源头时,我们已经身处险境了。歌手并非写出带有稳固圣经真理和相关教义的最佳人选。”

其实主内对新颂敬拜音乐的质疑早有耳闻。《纽约时报》2014年就在一篇乐评中提到美国传统福音派教会认为新颂的神学单薄,是为年轻人打造的新版成功神学等等。然而对新颂创新的敬拜风格的批评,却不应该成为阻拦我们深入地反思,为何教会无法吸引年轻人?大家却对新颂趋之若鹜?

著名基督教作家德鲁·戴克(Drew Dyck)对桑普森的表态感到“悲哀”。他曾在书中分析,1980年代,商业思维席卷教会,改变了北美许多教会的传教方式。青年事工受到的影响最明显。教会不是把重点放在门徒训练上,而是把注意力放在如何吸引大量的孩子并让他们开心。或许是好意,但却产生了意想不到的恶果。今天,许多教会的青年事工实际上已经沦落到周五晚上利用暴力视频游戏派对来吸引学生参加的地步。

有人将大多数教会的青年团契描述为“拿着装满披萨的盘子”。戴克问到,为什么有那么多曾经活跃在青年团契里的孩子后来离开了信仰?他的回答很简单:“让我们面对现实吧,在大学里有很多比吃披萨更有趣的事情可以做。”

戴克提到离弃信仰的人中,有一类属于“道德反叛者”。在他们的叛逆倾向下隐藏着对冒险和目标的强烈渴望。他们通常是那种有一种无法抑制的欲望,想要活得最充实的人,即使这意味着冒险。不幸的是,当人们向他们展示一个没有冒险、没有牺牲、没有风险、被稀释的福音,不配得到他们的奉献,他们就会寻求以其他方式来满足他们的欲望。

“年轻生活”的创始人吉姆·雷伯恩(Jim Rayburn)说,“不知何故,我们认为我们可以淡化福音,让年轻人更容易接受。但事实证明,他们正在被我们的混合物呛到。他们不想要时尚的口号,不想要披萨和电子游戏。他们想要赤裸裸的真相,想要改变和生命。他们想要一个为之而生、为之而死的真理。换句话说,他们想要真正的福音。”

长辈们在教会里的确有话语权,可以要求新生代呆坐在教会的椅子上从头到尾跟着他们唱传统圣诗。他们需要被提醒的是,为了得着年轻一代,他们是否甘愿舍己,在审美趣味上跨过代沟主动靠近青年?他们是否已经尽心尽力在音乐上“将最好的献给神”?

而在席卷当代的一种肤浅的基督教文化中,牺牲和痛苦越来越少被提及,自我的感觉反而被格外重视。新型敬拜风格的福音乐队,无疑更愿意在音乐口味上贴近年轻人,却不得不回到根源问题上:敬拜的中心并不是人的审美享受。音乐可以服侍人的感觉,但感觉不是神。

约书亚·哈里斯 – 最大的威胁就在我们里面

无论约书亚·哈里斯,还是马帝·桑普森,他们都来自巨型教会,两人的宗派背景不同,哈里斯的许多粉丝曾经是新颂最执着的批评者。近来他们常被媒体放在一起谈论。

作为美国YRR(年轻的改革宗运动)的重要成员,在哈里斯宣布离开基督信仰之前,这一运动已经发生多起青年领袖被迫离开服侍岗位的新闻。刊发在“福音联盟”网站上的一篇文章,列出了几位美国牧者的反思:造成这一现象的原因,是这些有恩赐的年轻弟兄被过快地放到了聚光灯下。

前不久,Youtube网站上有一个名为《我怎样在巨型教会中失去信仰》的视频(How l lost faith in the mega church),从同样身为巨型教会敬拜领袖的一对夫妇的自述中,暴露出这类教会牧养中容易出现的问题。在巨大的舞台中央,为了吸引更多人的关注,一些有恩赐和热情的年轻牧者和音乐人靠才华成为引人注目的明星,直到有一天,他们被抬高到一个地步,撒但足以利用他们的破口让更多人跌倒或受挫。不论在什么宗派中,人数、效果、掌声总是企图成为周日敬拜的中心,这就是我们最该警醒的时候。

同为敬拜领袖的鲍伯·考夫林(Bob Kauflin),在近三十年的服侍中,他也曾“摇摇欲坠”,有过三年与抑郁、焦虑作斗争的经历。经过不断祈祷、读经和反省,他发现问题的根源是他的敬拜方向错了。错误的崇拜就是偶像崇拜,人寻求在除神以外的其他东西上获得满足,为自己的成就寻求赞扬,并不是在赞美一位救主,而只是在寻找一位听众。“当我不能得到我渴望的荣耀时,我的世界崩溃了”。

他认为现在很糟糕的一件事是,敬拜普遍被认为仅仅是我们唱歌时所做的事,被许多年轻人当作是由音乐驱动的情感体验,在歌声中追求自己的宗教体验和属灵经历,而不是耶稣。音乐是敬拜上帝的一部分,但它从来就不是敬拜上帝的核心。他提醒道:“真正的敬拜者不只是想到神,而是爱神。”

如果我们一边唱着承诺的歌,一边犯着无悔的罪,希望通过我们的灵性和才华来打动他人或“愚弄”神,我们就是假冒为善的人,和不信的人没有区别。我们需要走到十字架下,使我们可以体验悔改的果实。

有些人写了畅销书、拿了福音音乐奖、在世界各地布道,这些并不能保证他是真正的信徒。最近的这些例子并不是基督教历史上的第一起,也不会是最后一起。当我们看到那些背离信仰的人,我们必须明白他们和我们没有什么不同,我们都有“信仰出轨”的倾向。但神在祂的怜悯中不断吸引我们,更新我们对祂的爱。当我们看到那些已经离开信仰的人,我们不得不怀着敬畏和谦卑的心悔改。

事实上,最大的挑战并不是在教会围墙之外聚集的任何黑暗势力。相反,基督教最大的危险恰恰是基督徒。不是发生在外面的,而是我们自己。这是一种天然的倾向,就像以色列民一样容易偏离神,失去我们起初的爱。对以色列最大的威胁不是非利士人或巴比伦人,而是他们抛弃耶和华神的致命倾向。我们也一样,我们倾向传讲没有十字架的基督教,从而使福音失去了能力,不再吸引人来跟随神。

“现在回来还不晚,我的双臂依然张开”

基督徒的人生道路既然是信心之路,就必然会遇到各样的危险。这些危险有可能毁掉我们,使我们跌入不信、背教和死亡的深渊。但神已经将得救的保障赐给我们。神用来保护我们的方法就是信心,然而我们的信心都要经过试验。我们所面临的试炼、世上的艰难困苦、肉体的诱惑、魔鬼的诱惑,时时引诱我们放弃信仰。正如使徒彼得所说的,正是藉着信心被试验,我们才能得到比金子更显宝贵的真信心。

这个真理对彼得来说尤其宝贵。耶稣被卖之前,对彼得说:“西门!西门!撒但想要得着你们,好筛你们像筛麦子一样;但我已经为你祈求,叫你不至于失了信心。你回头以后,要坚固你的弟兄。” 耶稣的祷告是叫彼得的信心不要完全丧失。而活过那个可怕的夜晚,是谁把彼得从不信的悬崖上拉回来,使他流出悔恨的眼泪呢?是神的能力,祂保守且坚固了彼得的信心,正如祂今天仍然在不断坚固祂所爱的儿女一样。

罗伯特·皮特森(Robert Peterson)在《我们安全的救恩》一书中讲到了一个令人鼓舞的故事。一个叫保罗的弟兄读神学院的时候,他所在的教会发生了一件可怕的事。一位长老和另一位长老的妻子发生婚外情。他们精心预备了详细的私奔计划,包括向教会邮寄辞职信。

但他们却严重低估了两件事:教会弟兄姊妹对主的爱和对他们的爱。在这个不幸的消息被公布给会众的那个星期天,人们公开为这对夫妇的罪行和他们遭受重创的家庭哭泣祷告。教会的领袖和信徒们聚集在两个受伤的家庭周围,并公开承认他们自己心里也有奸淫的念头。人们对神的圣洁所产生的敬畏就像《使徒行传》中早期教会的信徒一样。

教会承诺不会放弃这对犯错的人。教会与他们取得联系,并向他们保证,会众会一直不停地为他们祷告。起初,这对私奔的男女希望这些话只是空洞的套话,但时间证明教会对他们的爱是真诚的。许多祷告会被安排在白天和晚上的不同时段举行。

在祷告了几个月,并与他们进行了多次温和的接触之后,神终于破门而入。当牧师宣布这对男女已经悔过并想要回来的时候,会众一片欢呼。牧师接着说,双方目前都羞于面对家人和会友。经过数周的辅导,两家人重新团聚,他俩也回到教会。弟兄姊妹张开双臂,喜极而泣,欢迎悔改的男女。

我们从中看到神对教会的爱,对每一个祂拣选之人不放弃的爱,正如一个牧羊人会想尽办法去救那只迷失的羊一样。好牧人的手臂不是越过悬崖,而是越过了粗糙而恐怖的十字架。就是在那里,好牧人发出祂最真诚的邀请,即使是对那些拒绝祂的人。祂似乎在说:“现在回来还不晚,我的双臂依然张开。”欢迎每个浪子回家,享受敬拜的喜乐和祂永远的爱。

见证篇160.领袖…

上帝喜欢不情愿的领袖”, 没有哪个领袖是自告奋勇站到上帝面前的,因为不情愿的领袖不容易受到权力、骄傲和野心的诱惑。他们清楚领导的真相,必须舍己,必须被破碎,因此如果为了自己舒服,他们坚决推辞。

有朋友参加过一个成功学的培训,其中一节课是让一个人坐在中间,其他学员围成一圈,用各种贬低、责骂、嘲笑的负面语言批评中间人的某个观点或做法。据说,这可以锻炼人的“心理承受力”。还有的让学员上街乞讨,然后把乞讨来的钱物送到养老院。

坊间最流行的书籍,不少都是关于如何成功、如何管理的。翻开看,拨去表面一层时髦的新名词,一些隐含的价值观腐朽得象秦始皇的施政纲领。那些信奉“男人就要对自己狠一点”,为了成功能忍人所不能忍的人,不过是韩非、李斯、秦始皇之流相信人性本恶、狂热追求成功的先秦法家信徒的现代翻版。最露骨的表达就是马云那句话:当你成功时,你说的所有话都是真理。

一位心理学家从心理分析的角度,认为法家如此强烈的成功动机背后,往往隐藏着一种“自卑感”。他们表面上非常自信,其实这种自信只是由于他们不相信别人而产生的补偿心理。这些人在能力上不乏过人之处,但从心理健康的角度看,他们常常是最不健康的人。他们管理团队的手段,不外乎“法、术、势”老三样——奖惩之法、欺诈之术以及地位权势。

这就是中国式管理和领导的真相吗?

近年一些高端的培训,常会讲到犹太人的智慧。历史上,曾经出现过一位伟大的犹太领袖——摩西,他作为领袖的一生,和中国文化中的许多现象恰成对照。

做领袖如“养育之父”

《圣经·旧约》记载了东方另一个古老民族——以色列人中的杰出领袖,摩西是最被推崇的其中一位。他从上帝那里领受带领整个犹太民族的男女老幼逃离埃及,进行战略转移,进入迦南美地的使命。

《圣经》并未美化他所领导的同胞的种种不堪行为,每每遇到一点困难,他们就想要跑回埃及继续做奴隶,吃埃及的肉锅、黄瓜、韭菜,口味倒是和中国人差不多。而他竟然能够领导这样一大群很“不上道”的下属,忍受他们的抱怨,原谅他们的冒犯,还为他们向上帝祈求恩典和怜悯,不是一天两天,而是四十年!

最后,还因为被他们的不争气所激怒,被上帝禁止进入近在咫尺的迦南。

根据旧约的记载,摩西的一生分三个阶段:前四十年因为被埃及法老的公主收养,而成为埃及的王子;然后因为路见不平杀了人,不得不亡命天涯,做了四十年的牧羊人;最后四十年作为领袖带领以色列人出埃及

然而在摩西的光环后面,我们却听到他这样对上帝抱怨自己做领袖的苦:“你为何苦待仆人,我为何不在你眼前蒙恩,竟把这管理百姓的重任加在我身上呢?这百姓岂是我怀的胎,岂是我生下来的呢?你竟对我说:‘把他们抱在怀里,如养育之父抱着吃奶的孩子,直抱到你起誓应许给他们祖宗的地去’……管理这百姓的责任太重了,我独自担当不起。你这样待我,我若在你眼前蒙恩,求你立时将我杀了,不叫我见自己的苦情。”

这段摩西在极重的压力下向上帝倾吐心意的祷告,透露了一个细节,就是上帝对摩西作为领袖的要求,是像父亲一样对被领导者的生命负责,“如养育之父”。从中可见,领导者的一个重要特质是象一个人格成熟的父亲一样。

我常想,如果各大单位的领导都是真正带过孩子的人,看过生命成长是如何不易、而只要付出又真的会见到成果,是不是许多急功近利、苛责压制的错误就能避免了呢?

但摩西的父亲是谁?以色列人的文献中只记载了他是一个名叫“暗兰”的利未人而已。因为被遗弃的经历,他的家庭生活是不完整的、畸形的,尽管他的生母被收养他的公主带到王宫做了他的乳母,但他的父亲形象无疑是缺失的。这个负面影响对他未来成为领袖是很大的挑战。

在四十年的王子生涯中,摩西“学了埃及人一切的学问,说话行事都有才能”。他也自信满满,觉得凡事“我能”,有时明明是自己的满腔血气,还以为在替天行道,对抗法老的逼迫。

摩西原以为凭他的身份与才能,登高一呼,必定应者云集。但他的假定完全错了,当他前去调解自己同胞的纷争时,他们却质疑他的资格,“谁立你做我们的首领和审判官呢”,还曝光他路见不平时曾经杀死一个埃及人的“前科案底”。

父亲的缺席,使他没有意识到领袖的权威就像父亲在家中的权威一样,需要靠长期付出的爱来建立,靠喊话、搞企业文化、颁布法规起不了什么本质作用。摩西在尚未树立领导的威信时就想当然地以为可以凭恩赐、凭血缘做领导、行使领导权,自然引起反弹,失败是必然的。

做领袖要体会到自己的无能

新华网上有一则微博段子:最近,各地一些领导的能力有了很大的提高:有的会亲自打伞,有的会亲自开车门,有的会亲自拎包,有的会亲自拿水杯,有的居然会亲自写讲话稿了……其实,人民群众对领导的期望也不是很高,只要生活能基本自理就可以了!

对比上述情形中的所谓领导,就不难理解为什么上帝会看重摩西。虽然摩西路见不平的手法欠妥,但动机却是上帝所看重的:他在别人的需要和错误里看到自己所能尽的责任。这是一个领导者最重要的素质——愿意担当,愿意摆上。他一直没有失去这份责任感和担当的勇气,即使当他逃跑到米甸,看到当地祭司的七个女儿受到欺负时依然挺身相助。

摩西亡命米甸,以放羊谋生。在他人生的第二个四十年,上帝在旷野漫长的时空里,磨练这位自以为是的王子,直到他体会到自己的无能——“我是什么人,竟能去见法老,将以色列从埃及领出来呢?”

摩西要领导他人,就必须忍痛经历自己缺少领导才能的事实。他首先必须面对自己的无力感和不被需要的感觉,他怀疑以色列人会愿意听他的话,而且为自己口舌笨拙而痛苦。

但摩西的自我怀疑并不妨碍上帝把领导的任务交给他。我们在犹太人的历史中发现一个非常值得深思的现象,就是上帝只拣选那些不情愿做领袖的人出来做领袖

美国学者艾伦德在《蹒跚的领袖》一书中得出了一个睿智的结论,“上帝喜欢不情愿的领袖”,没有哪个领袖是自告奋勇站到上帝面前的,因为不情愿的领袖不容易受到权力、骄傲和野心的诱惑。他们清楚领导的真相,必须舍己,必被破碎。因此如果为了自己舒服,他们坚决推辞。他们不会热切地想要更大、更好和更多,不会认为“一将功成万骨枯”、要别人为了自己的理想流血是应该的。

针对摩西年青时暴露出的过于冲动和血气的弱点,上帝让他每天与羊为伍,一点一点磨他。而家庭生活的操练,我想也对他帮助很多,或许他发现,最先挑战他的领袖权威、考验他的隐忍的人,不是别人,正是自己的老婆和孩子,如果不能领导好他们,他怎么可能带领百万以色列民众?

这对摩西很重要。表面上他因为救了米甸祭司的女儿而为自己赢得了一个婚姻,其实是这个家庭救了他,尤其是岳父作为父辈给他提供了一个男性成长所必不可少的同性的肯定和接纳。摩西在此期间学习做丈夫、父亲和一个牧者。岳父后来还成为他作领袖时的管理顾问,给他提出了通过授权建立团队、避免专权的建议。有一个成熟的父亲形象从旁协助,帮助摩西少走了许多弯路。

有趣的是,影响中国文化最大的儒家开山宗师孔孟二人,孔子三岁丧父,孟子两岁丧父,成长经历中同样缺乏父亲的榜样。

学者朱建军在《中国的人心与文化》中写道,父亲早丧,使孔子没有机会了解一个现实中的父亲总是既有优点也有缺点的。幻想中的父亲可以很完美,孔子还经常梦到周公。在儿子心目中,这个父亲几乎可以是神。孔子继而对君王也产生了这样的幻想,一厢情愿地希望而且相信君王会像一个慈祥的父亲爱孩子一样爱自己的臣民。

但最好的父亲也不是神,最好的领导者也是会犯错误的人,这似乎是常识,却不容易被一个在父亲形象缺失的家庭中长大的人所体会到。结果带来的弊端就是使儒家文化对君王可能出现的问题缺乏有效的制约机制。对“君父”过于理想化,期待过多而防范太少,使国人屡屡被伤。

领袖的心理垃圾倒给谁?

在人生的第三个四十年里,摩西体会到无论他觉得自己是荆棘还是渣滓,或被世人藐视被乡亲厌弃,但只要他肯,上帝就把自己的能力添加在软弱的他身上。他清楚他依靠的是上帝,上帝使他成为领袖。

前美国通用电气公司首席执行官司杰克•韦尔奇,对什么是领袖有过一个经典的概括。在他看来,领袖应当有远见卓识并使团队共享其见、充满活力并能感染整个团队的激情,还应当敢于尝试具挑战性的任务,作出艰难却有意义的决定。这个定义就象是为摩西订做的,区别只是摩西的远见卓识来自上帝。

因此当以色列人与敌人交战时,摩西并没有选择身先士卒,而是登上山为百姓求告上帝。他正确持守与上帝的关系,他知道惟有从上帝而来的力量能帮助人民得胜,而不是逞匹夫之勇、自己冲进作战的队伍里赢得群众一时的欢呼。

有经济学学者认为,领袖和群众之间存在一种交易关系。人们给领袖让渡了控制权,同时希望从领袖那里获得回报:当危险和逼迫来临,期待领袖成为最能替众人承担风险的那一位,一旦他们怀疑自己的回报,领袖就得不到拥戴。

因此一有不舒服的地方,民众就会怨怼、悖逆。摩西甚至还遭遇亲戚兼助手亚伦、米利暗的嫉妒和毁谤,以及可拉一党的叛乱。他的处理方式“极其谦和,胜过世上的众人”。

摩西通过不断转向上帝,将自己内心的负面感受真实地向上帝倾吐,不被其感染,甚至在上帝面前真实的崩溃,然后回到百姓面前。不是摩西心理抗压能力强,而是他与上帝的关系使他可以随时到上帝面前卸下自己的重担,重新得力。想想乔布斯吧,他把苹果帝国的员工当作自己的“臣民”,任意发泄不满,言语苛刻,很难期待这样的男人能够胜任父亲的角色,所以看到媒体报道他临终前都不能接纳自己的亲身女儿,也不意外。

此外,摩西能够妥善处理自己的攻击性性格。其实每个人内心都或多或少具有攻击性的性格。一个男人是否能成为一个成熟的男人或变成一个只会说是的应声虫,往往取决于能不能妥善处理好攻击的个性。这种攻击性表现在他年轻时杀过人,之后虽然温柔谦和,但也有时仍然脾气暴烈。

他曾摔碎法版,也曾在与上帝说话时与上帝摔跤、控诉,绝不轻易放弃。攻击性也帮助他不屈不挠达成目标,不至于灰心自弃。摩西经常一个人爬上山,在山上退省,这些操练帮助他处理并适当运用自己的攻击性格,成为为上帝进取的力量来源。如果摩西靠不断为他所领导的团体寻找新的敌人或发起新的运动来排解自己的攻击性,无疑将酿成犹太民族的灾难。

尽管摩西被重用,但也难免犯错。他在加低斯被要水喝的百姓激动,没有尊上帝为圣,自己也受了亏损。他接纳自己的阴暗面发作。允许自己犯错的人,才会允许别人犯错,才能真正接纳别人,领导好团队。摩西为此承担不能进入应许之地的代价,但他丝毫没有埋怨为什么上帝对他这么严格。外有强敌或逼迫,永远不成为属神的领袖放过自身之罪的借口。因为他是领袖,领袖的一丝骄傲,就会鼓励举国的人争相谄媚。

摩西并非天生就是领袖,他人生第一次想要发挥领导作用的尝试就惨遭失败被迫流亡四十年,成为他领导生涯中噩梦般的阴影。好在上帝从不使用伟大的人,而是使用传讲伟大上帝的人。与上帝同工的过程中,他的性格被重新建立,展现出卓越的领袖品格和领导技巧。

《圣经》真实记载了以色列历史上每个伟大人物的优点、缺点与错误,可以说,是一部记录领袖真相的书。在一些惯于粉饰的文化里,领袖的真相是最被隐蔽的部分,人们被骗也骗人。或许人们内心并不甘愿如此,因此当两千多位不同公司的员工被要求列出自己最看重的领导品质时,排在第一名的是正直和诚实,其次才是能力。世界上的公司尚且如此,信仰群体更应自省。
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见证篇159:如果…

夫妻对谈:如果我出轨,你会原谅吗?

出轨的杀伤力:我老公简直是“师奶杀手”;我选择向妻子坦承情欲的试探,露在光中是对关系最好的保护。作为女性,私欲的念头婚后也会偶尔出现,我知道我要起来争战了。面对肉体的软弱,我有时很烦躁,因为你体会到自控的无力感

第一对:恨不得踹死他,然后再饶恕

妻子利百加:我结婚七年,丈夫是老师。几年前,他班里来了一个单亲妈妈抚养的小女孩。女孩很惹人怜爱,常常伤心自己没有爸爸,所以连校长也嘱咐我丈夫要好好照顾她。在这种情况下,丈夫自然就和单亲妈妈联络多一点。

这位妈妈少年留学海外,早早结婚生女,看到这么年轻漂亮又优秀的家长,偶尔觉得丈夫跟她太过熟络就会吃醋。有一次真的非常严重,当时我刚生完宝宝,在月子里情绪复杂,身体虚弱、精神疲惫,觉得自己发胖啊,自我形象很低。当天不知道那位家长叫我丈夫帮个什么忙,事先我也交待了他一些任务,结果他非常用心积极地花好多时间去帮别人,把我让他做的家事都忘了。我很火大,大发脾气质问他说:你是不是喜欢上人家了?没想到,他解释解释着就自己坦白说,确实,我对她是比较有好感。哇,我真是气得半死!

当然,这件事很快就过去了,他也很快诚恳道歉并且反省。说实话,他的性格在男人中不多见,很懂得体贴女性的辛苦,所以那些妈妈们都非常喜欢他,简直是“师奶杀手”。但另一方面,他在语言表达上,和不同身份、场合中的女性打交道时很没有“常识”。因为我知道他单纯、善良、热情、乐观,对谁都是一片真心,所以我常常需要接纳他的许多错误是因为他不懂得话说出去之后别人会怎么想。我也知道他作为一个男人肯定会有试探,但我知道他是不敢做的,因为我对他的信仰和品格有认识,我对他和神的关系有信心。

闲下来的时候,我们夫妻坐在一起,我常常半开玩笑地问他最近有没有什么情欲上的挣扎啊?每次他嗯嗯啊啊的时候我就知道他心里有事发生。然后他就会很诚实地跟我分享,当然,听到以后还是会生气两天,但这样的沟通却是非常必要的。出轨的夫妻肯定缺乏沟通,也许以前有好的沟通,或者有日常的沟通,但是缺乏情感上深入的沟通。没有沟通,所以你不知道对方需要什么,究竟是哪方面出了问题。

女人也会出轨。女人为什么会出轨,要从她最深的需要说起!对于外遇、寻求刺激这些,我是没有什么需求的,但是如果一个妻子长时间没有感受到被爱被体贴,没有看到男人起来承担家庭责任,那么她就可能心灰意冷、进而拒绝沟通,随后有可能落入谎言和试探当中了。出轨的预防就是首先要有对两性关系的认知,互相知道彼此的需要是什么,要竭力成为对方的祝福。

我们结婚七年,自问没有过出轨的念头,对他和我们的感情也很有安全感。我的痛苦大部分源自我不能接纳他的缺点,比如处理男女界限没有常识、家里的网络啊电器啊不懂得修、对财务问题没有建设性意见,看到他那个样子就让我很累。我知道要接纳他,但是我接纳不了就痛苦,所以根本上来讲这是我跟神之间的较量。

如果我老公真的出轨,我当然是恨不得把他踹死,肯定会受很大很大的伤害……但饶恕是神的道,我胆子再大也不敢违背神的道。当然,这个饶恕不是自己来做,而是由神来引导,祂为跟随祂、愿意顺服祂的人负完全的责任。

丈夫以撒:之前那位单亲妈妈的事儿,她不讲我都忘了,哈哈。当时我确实是出于怜悯,对那个学生家长多一分关注,进而有了好感。人心都是诡诈的,虽然我的动机是好的,但时间久了就容易令自己落入试探。我很快意识到自己很不明智,妻子生气是理所当然,因为她是在保护我们的婚姻。很感谢有妻子提醒我和家长如何处理关系,尽管有些话听起来不舒服,但我知道自己的个性需要改变来更好经营婚姻。

婚姻不是每时每刻都很愉悦、很精彩,伴随许多起伏和历练,出轨只是其中的一种。婚姻只有天梯,没有回头路,如果要坚守一段婚姻,饶恕是必然要走的路。我选择饶恕,因为神的话是这样说的。我爱神,愿意遵行祂的道;其次我内心得释放,不愿意因为出轨或者任何别人加给我的伤害而充满苦毒,被辖制。

妻子个性谨慎,在处理男女关系上非常得体,我对她有安全感。如果她真的出现出轨的情况,我首先会很不解,然后很伤心很生气,但我肯定会原谅。我会反省是不是我爱她不够?给她的安全感不够?比如刚刚我才知道她蛮欣赏我的一个球友,因为对方长得魁梧高大又很敬重她。这也是可以理解的,我顶多就是吃吃醋。但作为男人,如果总是听到妻子念叨别人,这就埋下了矛盾的种子。可反过来想,为什么她总要念叨别人呢?表面上看是她贪心、抱怨,背后更多是她内心的需要和安全感没有被满足。这时候丈夫需要检讨自己,也需要丈夫带领妻子一起回到上帝面前。

妻子常常问我,最近有没有什么试探啊?通常她都很温柔地表示,你说吧我不会生气的。结果我说了她就会生气,哈哈……我可以理解。很多男人选择不说,就是怕冲突,反正又没发生什么,何必自找苦吃。偶尔遇到一些女士,性格很好,外表很有魅力,会有些心猿意马。我选择说,是因为暗中的想法要暴露在光中,对彼此的关系是一种保护。敬虔的基督徒长辈也鼓励我们这样做。如果对妻子都不敢交账,更别提跟上帝交账了。

我发现,如果陌生女性让我觉得很有吸引力,老婆会觉得这是丈夫的试探、要多为他祷告。但如果是身边熟悉的人,她就会非常非常生气。我分析她生气的点在于,她会不自觉落入比较当中,认为我看那个人比她重要或比她漂亮,她的价值感就会变低,认为丈夫选了别人不选她。如果她真的信了这一点,对于妻子来说,打击是很大的。

第二对:和另一个人分享生命才是自由

妻子茜茜:我是个跟异性相处很敏感的人,小学开始暗恋男生,到高一就跟我现在的丈夫谈恋爱。当时他跟后座的女生多聊几句,我就会在日记里写狠话:你那么爱跟她说话你就别跟我谈恋爱啊,你找她谈去!后来成年的过程中,看到父母婚姻中的问题,前不久还在闹离婚,逐渐令我对情感有许多不安全。我有朋友的父亲出轨,被妻子发现后不久就得癌症去世,妻子的怨恨无处释放,扭曲地活着;有同学的父亲出轨和小三一起做生意,后来被小三逼得离婚,然后自杀了;还有一个同事生宝宝之后为了让丈夫睡得好就分房了,结果不久后丈夫发生外遇。情感世界,“江湖凶险”。

我们结婚两年了。婚姻真是一件风险很大的事情,好像我把我的心撕开,让你住进来,慢慢地我俩融为一体,然后哪天可能你会再把我的心撕裂,说你想要出去。出轨对我来说,就像是一刀戳进心里,没死也快死了。曾经我对罪的绝望,好像绊住了对主的信心。我很不想经历夫妻关系的破碎,我恐惧冲突、恐惧失去。丈夫就像自己的一部分一样,然而这一部分并不全在自己的了解范围内。

现在我好像释放了很多,稍微成熟一点,更直面这个世界的败坏,越来越多认识到自己的罪。如果真的对方出轨,应该也不会觉得天就塌了。我肯定会被打垮,但我相信我还会活过来。人越是跟随主,就知道攻击啊、罪的诱惑啊都非常真实。丈夫是跟我一起争战的,如果有一场打了败仗,那又怎么样呢?只要他真的愿意悔改,我们就还要起来继续跟魔鬼打仗。在能否恢复关系这一点上,我可能比他更有信心。当然,这取决于我的属灵状态,如果都像今天这么清醒,那应该没问题。

作为女性来说,我也考虑过自己会不会出轨。我觉得都是私欲在作祟。比如我们订婚之前有一次比较认真的分手,我那时候已经信主,他来教会慕道,我当时特别自我中心,找工作要找最好的,恋爱就找个什么什么样的。我祷告中很清楚感受到神在提醒我——你不要拿他信不信主、是否属灵当借口去满足你的私欲!不信主的人会比较钱财、学历,信主了还要多比较一项:属灵的事。婚后,某些念头还是偶尔会冒出来,我也不会感觉羞愧,因为我知道这些东西不是从神来的,我要起来争战了。直到现在,我还没有被这种私欲绊倒过。

我和他婚前谈了12年恋爱,也有许多不快乐的时候,后来我们成为基督徒,觉得日子真是太好过了。现在我真觉得我是不配得的,他是上帝给我的恩典,我们彼此很相爱,而他也特别能包容和体恤我的敏感和软弱。比如我们婚后开放家庭带领一个小组,他做组长,性格开朗,大家都喜欢他。有一次他在厨房做饭,有个小姊妹一直去找他聊天。我真的会介意。晚上我跟他聊起来,他特别能理解,而且跟我一起讨论下次遇到类似情况怎么有智慧地处理、打断对方。在这方面,他做得很好。

丈夫达西:出轨这件事,从理性上说,应该饶恕,但就我个人而言,挺困难的。哪怕还可以一起过日子,但亲密关系上一定有很大影响。除非有什么重大翻转,比如突然面对疾病、祸患、死亡,或者神感动我了,让我看到自己更深层次的问题,否则我觉得这个状态会一直持续下去。出轨不是那么容易翻转的。我愿意饶恕,我能饶恕到的程度可能仅限于一起生活。

人的这种欲望很恶劣,也很基础和原始,特别容易被激发。要想摒除这些欲望,每次都从争战中跳脱出来反而特别不容易。所以人需要强大的信仰来支撑。具体来说,就像眼目的情欲,一天会发生很多次,你想多看一眼、多看一秒,如果你想要找个机会满足自己,那基本上就是要出轨了。如果你拒绝诱惑,提醒自己是有家室的人,或者你控制自己转移注意力,就算是胜过一次了。如果你认识神,就会有一个更强大的力量把你向上拉,远离这些。

上地铁或者公众场合,我都会先提醒自己,因为即便你不想看也不需要看,但你还是会看到,仿佛肉体和灵里是分裂的。面对自己的肉体软弱,我有时很烦躁,因为你体会到自控的无力感。转念一想,肉体是属世的,它就是有这样的惯性,只能用神给的话克服它。

预防出轨,最浅的层次是道德教育吧。但道德对于人的罪性本质来说还是太薄弱了。在我们家的话,就是紧紧跟随神!一旦发现谁偏离了,即便不是在情感问题上,也要很快把对方拽回来。因为远离神会带来各方面的问题。

大多数男人出轨的动机都是情欲。但实际上,无论男人女人,肉体都是千篇一律的,新鲜感其实来源于灵魂。但人的罪会扭曲这个认识,把对于灵魂的欣赏转向对肉体的渴望。但实际上,我觉得人根本上不是追寻肉体的乐趣,而是渴望接触不同的灵魂。不信主的时候,其实非常怕自己会出轨,因为觉得自己很容易失控。信主之后因为知道神是多么不喜悦,出于敬畏和责任,我不敢也不愿承担罪的后果,所以就根本不会去想了。同时,因为清楚知道什么才是更重要的,那些放纵私欲的事是生活中最肮脏的部分,就竭力避免沾染污秽。而且,我也经历了婚姻中纯净感情带来的平安,尝过美好的,就不愿去碰那些有毒有害的。

要建立双方的安全感,最直接的做法就是沟通,其次是陪伴。其实就是用心地把时间花在与另一半的相处上。记得刚去教会慕道的时候,我问过一对基督徒朋友,如果我总陪她,那我的自由怎么办。当时那对夫妻笑得很直接。后来我就知道他们为什么笑了。信主后,我知道了生活的次序,夫妻关系是仅次于信仰的,陪伴妻子不是失去自由,恰恰是能够随时享受两个人的时光,分享另一个人的生命才是自由。现在很多时候,我不愿去应酬,因为在那种场合没法表现真我,很累……唯有回到家,在妻子面前,才是那个可以恣意生活的我。所以,自由就是在爱里面无惧翱翔的时间。